For the performance improvement of microbial fuel cells (MFCs), the anode becomes a breakthrough point due to its influence on bacterial attachment and extracellular electron transfer (EET). On other level, carbon materials possess the following features: low cost, rich natural abundance, good thermal and chemical stability, as well as tunable surface properties and spatial structure.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

A silver/palladium relay catalyzed 1,3-dipole annulation/allylation reaction of iminoesters and Baylis–Hillman acetates that delivers fully substituted allyl imidazolidines, has been reported.