MRI is the gold standard for confirming a pelvic lymph node metastasis diagnosis. Traditionally, medical radiologists have analyzed MRI image features of regional lymph nodes to make diagnostic decisions based on their subjective experience; this diagnosis lacks objectivity and accuracy. This study trained a faster region-based convolutional neural network (Faster R-CNN) with 28,080 MRI images of lymph node metastasis, allowing the Faster R-CNN to read those images and to make diagnoses. For clinical verification, 414 cases of rectal cancer at various medical centers were collected, and Faster R-CNN-based diagnoses were compared with radiologist diagnoses using receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC). The area under the Faster R-CNN ROC was 0.912, indicating a more effective and objective diagnosis. The Faster R-CNN diagnosis time was 20 s/case, which was much shorter than the average time (600 s/case) of the radiologist diagnoses. Faster R-CNN enables accurate and efficient diagnosis of lymph node metastases. .
This work acquires a vertical β-Ga2O3 Schottky barrier diode (SBD) with the advanced termination structure of p-type NiOx and n-type β-Ga2O3 heterojunctions and coupled field plate structures to alleviate the crowding electric field. A Ga2O3 SBD delivers an average breakdown voltage of 1860 V and a specific on-resistance of 3.12 mΩ cm2, yielding a state-of-the-art direct-current Baliga's power figure of merit of 1.11 GW/cm2 at an anode area of 2.83 × 10−5 cm2. In addition, the Ga2O3 SBD with the same fabrication process at a large area of 1.21 × 10−2 cm2 also presents a high forward current of 7.13 A, a breakdown voltage of 1260 V, and a power figure-of-merit of 235 MW/cm2. According to dynamic pulse switching and capacitance-frequency characteristics, an optimized p-NiOx/Ga2O3 interface with a maximum trap density of 4.13 × 1010 eV−1 cm−2 is delivered. Moreover, based on the forward current-voltage measurement at various temperatures, the physics behind a forward conduction mechanism is illustrated. Ga2O3 SBDs with p-NiOx/n-Ga2O3 heterojunction termination, field plate, high power figure of merit, and high quality interface as well as suppressed resistance increase after dynamic pulse switching, verifying their great promise for future high power applications.
Between the cervical spinal nerves and nearby structures, there are 2 types of the EFLs. The radiating ligaments may serve as a protective mechanism against traction and play an important role in the positioning of the nerves in the intervertebral foramen. However, in all probability, the transforaminal ligaments may be the underlying cause of the cervical radiculopathy.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.