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ObjectivesTo evaluate a quantitative radiomic approach based on high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) to differentiate acute/sub-acute symptomatic basilar artery plaque from asymptomatic plaque.MethodsNinety-six patients with basilar artery stenosis underwent HR-MRI between January 2014 and December 2016. Patients were scanned with T1- and T2-weighted imaging, as well as T1 imaging following gadolinium-contrast injection (CE-T1). The stenosis value, plaque area/burden, lumen area, minimal luminal area (MLA), intraplaque haemorrhage (IPH), contrast enhancement ratio and 94 quantitative radiomic features were extracted and compared between acute/sub-acute and asymptomatic patients. Multi-variate logistic analysis and a random forest model were used to evaluate the diagnostic performance.ResultsIPH, MLA and enhancement ratio were independently associated with acute/subacute symptoms. Radiomic features in T1 and CE-T1 images were associated with acute/subacute symptoms, but the features from T2 images were not. The combined IPH, MLA and enhancement ratio had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.833 for identifying acute/sub-acute symptomatic plaques, and the combined T1 and CE-T1 radiomic approach had a significantly higher AUC of 0.936 (p = 0.01). Combining all features achieved an AUC of 0.974 and accuracy of 90.5%.ConclusionsRadiomic analysis of plaque texture on HR-MRI accurately distinguished between acutely symptomatic and asymptomatic basilar plaques.Key Points • High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging can assess basilar artery atherosclerotic plaque. • Radiomic features in T1 and CE-T1 images are associated with acute symptoms. • Radiomic analysis can accurately distinguish between acute symptomatic and asymptomatic plaque. • The highest accuracy may be achieved by combining radiomic and conventional features. Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s00330-018-5395-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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In diverse social environments, recommendations from others have the power to change consumer behavior. In this study, we explore the influence of recommendations made by others with whom consumers have different degrees of familiarity on the cognitive processes of online shopping using event-related potentials (ERPs). Sixteen healthy university subjects were recruited for 2 experiment tasks. These subjects viewed a stimulus sequence of pictures of certain products that contained either recommendations from individuals with whom they had low familiarity or no recommendation. Several days later, they viewed the other stimulus sequence of the same product pictures but this time with either recommendations from individuals with whom they had high familiarity or no recommendation. Electroencephalogram data were recorded during the experiment. Compared to having no recommendations, the results showed that the ERP components N2 and P3 evoked by recommendations were different: The recommendations from low-familiarity individuals induced the largest average amplitude of N2, and the recommendations from high-familiarity individuals induced the largest average amplitude of P3. The results suggest that N2 reflects the process of identifying the recommendation information, and P3 reflects consumers’ propensity to purchase recommended products, or the cognitive process of selection based on value measurement. These findings indicate that recommendations may impact consumer responses and highlight the importance of careful consideration of social preferences in marketing.

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