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Over the past several decades, more and more social activities happen in places which are privately owned. Scholars have called these properties ‘mass private property’ (MPP): the private properties that are open to the mass. However, while MPP arouses scholars’ attention and interest, there is not a clear understanding of what type of physical space is a ‘mass private property’. Rather, the concept of MPP is usually used in an intuitive and taken-for-granted way without examining the ideal essences of diverse MPP spaces. This essay clarifies the criteria by developing the ideal type of MPP. Although MPPs are diverse, to some extent they should share the ideal-typing features of real-estate, legal and sociological dimensions.

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the synthesis of nano-silicon and its practical applications in LIBs.

The lack of an efficient and stable electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) greatly hinders the development of various electrochemical energy conversion and storage techniques. In this study, we report a facile synthesis of FeCoNiCuIr high-entropy alloy nanoparticles (HEA NPs) by a one-step heat-up method. The involvement of glucose made the NPs grow uniformly and increased the valence of Ir. The resulting FeCoNiCuIr NPs exhibit excellent OER performance in alkaline solution, with a low overpotential of 360 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at a Tafel slope of as low as 70.1 mV dec‒1. In addition, high stability has also been observed, which remained at 94.2% of the current density after 10 h constant electrolysis, with a constant current of 10 mA cm‒2. The high electrocatalytic activity and stability are ascribed to the cocktail effect and synergistic effect between the constituent elements. Our work holds the potential to be extended to the design and synthesis of high-performance electrocatalysts.

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Long Term Evolution-Metro (LTE-M), as a special communication system for train control, has strict requirements on adjacent channel interference (ACI). According to the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) protocol of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) standards, this paper presents the required isolation degree for LTE-M systems to resist ACI. Aiming at the scenario of leaky cable transmission and antenna transmission adopted by the underground LTE-M system of the subway, the isolation degree required for LTE-M system deployment is deduced by combining the channel description with the principle of ACI. For the coexistence of a LTE-M system and an adjacent cellular system in a subway ground scenario, the Monte-Carlo (MC) method is used to simulate several conceivable scenarios of the LTE-M system and the adjacent frequency cellular system. In addition, the throughput loss of the LTE-M system is estimated by considering signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR). Simulation results demonstrate that adjacent frequency user equipment (UE) has negligible small interference with the LTE-M underground system when using the leaky cable radiation pattern, whereas for the LTE-M ground system, the main interference comes from the adjacent frequency UE to the LTE-M base station (BS). Finally, interference avoidance solutions are presented, which can be utilized as a reference in the design and deployment of LTE-M systems in the rail transit environment.

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