A coupled flow and refractory model (CFRM) has been upgraded to assist engineers in understanding and interpreting the measured refractory temperature distributions in the hearth of a blast furnace hearth. CFRM describes the liquid flow distribution and heat transfer in the hearth, allowing various scenarios to be simulated involving coke bed properties, extent of hearth refractory wear, etc. The model was validated through comparison between measured refractory data and corresponding model predictions for the early stages of the current BlueScope's No. 5 Blast Furnace campaign. For the current campaign, the actual range in measured pad temperature fluctuation over a short time period is shown to be well within the temperature difference expected for typical coke bed movement, i.e. between sitting and floating bed conditions. Over a longer time span, a consistent evolution of the refractory wear is suggested and this is imposed to elucidate the increase in overall hearth pad temperature.
Wastewater treatment system was an important part of the wet desulfurization, and it played an important role to improve the quality of absorber slurry. Combined with the problems of desulfurization efficient reduced and moisture content in gypsum exceed normal, this paper pointed out the deficiencies which used the chlorine ion concentration to control the operation of desulfurization waster water; and suggested the influence of chlorine ion and the other impurities should be studied comprehensively, some guides for in-service supervision on the operation of FGD should be established as soon as possible.
The extent of hearth cooling is critically important in determining the feasible duration of an extended blast furnace maintenance shutdown. Based on a fixed domain method, a transient numerical model has been developed which considers the effect of solidification enthalpy of liquid iron in a coke-free bath, enabling the progress of hearth cooling to be monitored. The model was initially verified by comparing calculations with actual refractory temperatures during shutdowns of shorter duration (typically 1-2 days) at BlueScope's No. 5 Blast Furnace. It was then applied to estimate the hearth condition during an extended shutdown period (typically, 5-6 days). The calculated refractory temperature differences were reasonably matched with the measured data over the extended shutdown period. This allowed visualization of the temporal variation of refractory temperatures and the extent of liquid bath cooling during extended shutdowns, providing useful guidance for furnace engineers.
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