A red shift of the exciton of ZnO nanowires is efficiently produced by bending strain, as demonstrated by a low-temperature (81 K) cathodoluminescence (CL) study of ZnO nanowires bent into L- or S-shapes. The figure shows a nanowire (Fig. a) with the positions of CL measurements marked. The corresponding CL spectra-revealing a peak shift and broadening in the region of the bend-are shown in Figure b.
The structural influences of the laser lift-off (LLO) techniques on the created (0001) GaN surface region are characterized by cross-sectional high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and fitted using the model of stress waves caused by a longitudinal impact at the end of a cylindrical bar extending to infinity. The authors study reveals that, in addition to the superficial damage caused by laser absorption, the stress saltation in GaN crystal where the shock waves come into being induces deformation of the lattices and generates a cluster of half loops above the LLO interface. After that, the lattice deformation will be induced every time the partial dissipation of the steady-state shock waves takes place until the shock wave is dissipated to elastic mode.
Whispering gallery modes in ZnO nanorods with equilateral triangular cross sections were studied for the first time, to our knowledge. Photoluminescence following excitation with 325 nm radiation was observed at discrete wavelengths and thereby indicated the excitation of whispering gallery modes of triangular ZnO nanorod resonators. These resonances extended over both the visible emission band and the ultraviolet emission band of ZnO. The refractive index of ZnO between 2 eV and 3.2 eV was calculated assuming a "folded" whispering gallery mode and a simple plane-wave model. Our analysis shows that the plane-wave model produces a dispersion curve that agrees well with that of bulk ZnO for large nanorods but shows small deviations when the size of the nanorod resonator approaches the wavelength of the emitted light.
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