Metal spinning technology has seen a rapid development in recent years. Novel spinning processes, such as non-axisymmetric spinning, non-circular cross-section spinning and tooth-shaped spinning, are being developed. This has challenged the limitation of traditional spinning technology being used for manufacturing axisymmetric, circular cross-section, and uniform wall-thickness parts. In this paper, the classification of the traditional spinning processes is proposed based on the material deformation characteristics, the relative position between roller and blank, mandrel spinning and mandrel-free spinning, and temperature of the blank during spinning. The advancement of recently developed novel spinning processes and corresponding tool design and equipment development are reviewed. The classification of the novel spinning processes is proposed based on the relative position between the rotating axes, the geometry of cross-section and the variation of wall-thickness of spun parts. The material deformation mechanism, processing failures and spun part defects of the aforementioned three groups of novel spinning processes are discussed by analyzing four representative spinning processes of industrial applications. Furthermore other novel spinning processes and their classification as reported in the literature are summarized.

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A new spinning method to manufacture the cylindrical parts with nano/ultrafine grained structures is proposed, consisting of quenching, power spinning and recrystallization annealing. The microstructural evolution during the different process stages and macroforming quality of the spun parts made of ASTM 1020 steel are investigated. The results show that the microstructures of the ferrites and pearlites in the ASTM 1020 steel are transformed to the lath martensites after quenching. The martensite laths obtained by quenching are refined to 87 nm and a small amount of nanoscale deformation twins with an average thickness of 20 nm is generated after performing a 3-pass stagger spinning with 55% thinning ratio of wall thickness, where the equivalent strain required is only 0.92. The equiaxial ferritic grains with an average size of 160 nm and nano-carbides are generated by subsequent recrystallization annealing at 480 °C for 30 minutes. The spun parts with high dimensional precision and low surface roughness are obtained by the forming method developed in this work, combining quenching with 3-pass stagger spinning and recrystallization annealing.