Recently remarkable advancement development of unmannedaerial vehicles (UAVs) has been observed and their applications have beenshown in many fields such as agriculture, industry, and environmentalmanagement. However, in the mining industry, the application of UAVtechnology remains potential. This paper presents a low-cost unmannedaerial vehicle technology-based system for 3D mapping and air qualitymonitoring at open-pit mine sites in Vietnam. The system includes severaldust sensors that are mounted on a low-cost rotary-wing type UAV. Thesystem collects a variety of data, mainly images and airborne pollutantconcentrations. To evaluate the performance of the proposed system, fieldtests were carried out at the Coc Sau coal mine. Based on the imagestransmitted to the ground monitoring station, large scale 3D topographicmaps were successfully modeled. In addition, sensors mounted on theUAV system were able to monitor the levels of environmental variablesassociated with the air quality within the pit such as temperature, dust, CO,CO2, and NOx. The field test results in this study illustrate the applicabilityof the low-cost UAV for the 3D mapping and the air quality monitoring atlarge and deep coal pits with relatively high accuracy.
In Vietnam, there are a huge number of quarries that areexploited and mainly provide materials to the construction sector of thecountry. However, most of the quarries are operating without topographicplans due to a lack of surveying activities. This paper introduces anapproach of using low-cost UAVs to produce digital surface models whichin turn are used to draw topographic maps of quarries in Vietnam. Forassessments of accuracy, safety, and working efficiency, four quarriesdifferent in terrain conditions, namely Luong Son, Long Son, Nui Nho, andNui Dai were selected as the study areas. Ground control points wereestablished in each area by using GNSS/RTK for camera calibration andaccuracy assessment. The accuracy of DSM was assessed using the rootmean-square error (RMSE) in X, Y, Z, XY, and XYZ components.Capturing images from each site were processed by usingAgisoft®PhotoScan Professional 1.5.2. The results showed that all theDSM models of the four areas have high accuracy, RMSE on the checkedGCPs ranges from 1.0 to 9.0 cm, from 1.2 to 5.0 cm, from 4.4 to 13.4 cm,from 1.6 to 10.3 cm, and from 4.9 to 16.9 cm for X, Y, Z, XY, XYZcomponents, respectively. We concluded that the low-cost UAV basedmapping technology can guarantee the accuracy of DSMs, the safety ofUAV flying, and the efficiency of surveying working simultaneously whenusing in quarries.
Underground coal mining in Vietnam plays an important role tonot only the sustainable coal industry but also the energy and social securityin this country. Although the Vietnam coal industry has produced 35–45million tonnes of raw coal per annum in past ten years, a great volume ofcoal resources remains distributed in complex geo-mining conditions andmostly unmined. This paper presents a brief review of the current andpotential technologies for cutting coal and controlling roof in Vietnamunderground coal mines. From the review, it is concluded that there is anurgent demand on improvement of current technologies as well as oninvestigation for effective application of more advanced mining methodsinto the industry, especially for deep mining at Red River Delta—the largestcoal basin in Vietnam.
In this study, Pure SiO2 solution extraction from inceneratedsolid wastes following after aluminosilicate synthesis. The optimumconditions for obtaining both the pure SiO2 solution and the substantialamounts of unique residue material should be 200○C of reactiontemperature, 1:30 of sample:NaOH, 2M NaOH, and enough reaction timeover 24 hours. The optimization of the pure SiO2 extraction proposes aneffective way for recycling the abundant incinerated solid waste as well asother waste ashes.
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