In this paper, target hunting aims to detect target and surround the detected target in a surface-water using Multiple Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (multi-AUV) in a given area. The main challenge in multi-AUV target hunting is the design of AUV's motion path and coordination mechanism. To conduct the cooperative target hunting by multi-AUV in a surface-water environment, an integrated algorithm based on improved potential field (IPF) is proposed. First, a potential field function is established according to the information of the surface-water environment. Then, the dispersion degree, the homodromous degree, and district-difference degree are introduced to increase the cooperation of the multi-AUV system. Finally, the target hunting is solved by embedding the three kinds of degree into the potential field function. The simulation results show that the proposed approach is applicable and feasible for multi-AUV cooperative target hunting.
The probability of 5He particle emission has been affirmed
theoretically [J.S. Zhang, Science in China G47 (2004) 137].
In order to describe the 5He emission, the
theoretical formula of the double-differential cross section
of emitted 5He is to be established. Based on the pick-up mechanism,
used for calculating the formula of d, t, 3He, α
emissions, the theoretical formula of double-differential cross
section of 5He is obtained, which is expressed in the form of
Legendre coefficients. In the case of low incident energies,
the configuration [J.S. Zhang, Science in China G47 (2004) 137;
J.S. Zhang, Commun. Theor. Phys. (Beijing, China)
39 (2003) 83] is the dominant part in the reaction
processes. The calculated result indicates that the forward peaked
angular distribution of the composite particle emission is weaker
than that of the emitted single nucleon due to pick-up nucleon
from the Fermi sea. As an example, the reactions of n+14N have
been calculated, and the Legendre coefficients of d, t, 3He,
α, 5He emissions are obtained respectively. The results
show that the forward tendency is decided by the average momentum per
nucleon in the emitted composite particles. The larger the average
momentum is, the stronger the forward tendency is.
Due to its advantages including high quality of the forging parts and low production costs,hot closed-die forging (HCDF) play an essential role in the machine building industry. However, in recent decades, the pace of its development is gradually slowing down. In the hope of drawing up some new ideas about future development of the HCDF, this paper presents a brief overview of it. This study roughly prospects several potential research issues of the HCDF. Some new research fields such as precision forging, combined forging and numerical simulation have been shown. Challenges and possible response to them have been discussed.
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