Ultrasound-guided thermal ablation has been shown to considerably reduce nodule-related discomfort and cosmetic problems. Hence, this review was done to determine the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency or microwave ablation in the management of benign thyroid nodules. Searches were done in EMBASE, SCOPUS, PubMed Central, Cochrane library, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Clinicaltrials.gov until August 2022. Meta-analysis was carried out using random-effects model. With 95% confidence intervals (CIs), pooled standardized mean differences, mean differences, and/or odds ratio reported. In total, we analyzed 16 studies, most of them had high risk of bias. The pooled standardized mean difference for symptom score was −1.01 (95% CI, −1.83 to −0.19; I2 = 94.2%), for cosmetic relief was −1.26 (95% CI, −2.27 to −0.24; I2 = 96%), for postoperative nodule volume was −1.77 (95% CI, −3.06 to −0.48; I2 = 94%), for hospital stay was −3.88 (95% CI, −4.58 to −3.18; I2 = 91.1%), for operation time was −3.30 (95% CI, −3.95 to −2.64; I2 = 93.4%). The pooled odds ratio for postoperative pain was 0.04 (95% CI, 0.00–0.35; I2 = 95.1%), for postoperative hypothyroidism was 0.04 (95% CI, 0.01–0.11; I2 = 0%), for postoperative hoarseness was 0.56 (95% CI, 0.22–1.47; I2 = 0%), for postoperative hematoma was 0.57 (95% CI, 0.15–2.22; I2 = 0%). Ultrasound-guided radiofrequency and microwave ablation had better efficacy and safety profile in terms of symptoms, cosmetic relief, complication rate, duration of stay, and operation time when compared with conventional surgery or observation without treatment for patients with benign thyroid nodules.
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor with high metastatic potential and relapse risk. To study the regulatory mechanism of the OS microenvironment, a complex regulatory network involving the ferroptosis- and immune response-related genes remains to be established. In the present study, we determined the effect of a comprehensive evaluation system established on the basis of ferroptosis- and immune-related genes on the immune status, related biomarkers, prognosis, and the potential regulatory networks underlying OS based on the TARGET and Gene Expression Omnibus databases that contain information on OS patients by bioinformatics analyses. We first characterized individual ferroptosis scores and immune scores through gene set variation analysis (GSVA) against TARGET-OS datasets. We then identified differentially expressed genes by score groups. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was performed to identify the most relevant ferroptosis-related and immune-related gene modules, which facilitated the identification of 327 ferroptosis gene and 306 immune gene candidates. A 4-gene (WAS, CORT, WNT16, and GLB1L2) signature was constructed and valuation using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator-Cox regression models to effectively predict OS prognosis. The prediction efficiency was further validated by GSE39055. We stratified patients based on the prognostic scoring systems. Eight hub genes (namely CD3D, CD8A, CD3E, IL2, CD2, MYH6, MYH7, and MYL2) were identified, and TF–miRNA target regulatory networks were constructed. Furthermore, Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, gene set enrichment analysis, and GSVA were used to determine the signature’s potential pathways and biological functions, which showed that the hub genes were enriched in ferroptosis-associated biological functions and immune-associated molecular mechanisms. Thereafter, we investigated the proportion and infiltration extent of 22 infiltrating immune cells by using CIBERSORT, which revealed significant subgroup differences in CD8 + T cells, M0 macrophages, and M2 macrophages. In conclusion, we determined a new ferroptosis-related and immune-related gene signature for predicting OS patients’ prognosis and further explored the ferroptosis and immunity interactions during OS development, which provides insights into the exploration of molecular mechanisms and targeted therapies in patients with OS.
This paper first discusses the problems existing in the innovative personnel training system under the background of engineering education certification, and then analyzes the research approaches and methods of the "innovative" personnel training system of measurement and control specialty. Finally, combined with the characteristics of the specialty and the background of the current engineering education specialty, it focuses on the analysis of the relationship between the industry and social needs and the target concept system, the curriculum module and the key elements of graduation requirements. On the basis of discussing how to build the supporting conditions and continuous improvement mechanism of innovation and entrepreneurship and practical education, this paper puts forward how to build the "innovative" talent training system which is composed of four parts: the target concept system, the training implementation system, the training support system and the continuous improvement system. Open Journal of Social Sciences bined with the development of engineering education certification, it has become an important topic to explore how to build a scientific and reasonable innovative talent training system and continuous improvement. The major of "measurement and control technology and instrument" is a national specialty, a key specialty of the Ministry of industry and information technology, the first major of automation college to be selected into the "excellent engineer education and training plan" of the Ministry of education, and the first major to apply for engineering education professional certification. For many years, the major has attached great importance to the cultivation of students' innovation ability. In the past three years, the students of the major have participated in 433 scientific and technological innovation activities and won 410 scientific and technological awards.Measurement and control technology and instrument specialty are mainly for the fields of instruments, detection technology, measurement and control technology, and play a very important role in the development of national economy. The design of talent training system directly determines the achievement of talent training objectives, is the overall design of talent training objectives, training programs, training modes and training processes, and is the decisive factor to ensure the quality of talent training. Taking the measurement and control technology and instrument specialty of Harbin University of engineering as an example, this paper aims at the characteristics of measurement and control technology and instrument specialty under the background of engineering education certification, as well as the current social demand for high-quality measurement and control talents, to carry out the research of innovative talents training program, and explore how to cultivate high-quality innovative measurement and control technology outstanding engineers and high-end technical talents.
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