Intermediate-volatility organic compounds (IVOCs) have
been found
as important sources for secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation.
IVOC emissions from nonroad construction machineries (NRCMs), including
two road rollers and three motor graders, were characterized under
three operation modes using an improved portable emission measurement
system. The fuel-based IVOC emission factors (EFs) of NRCMs varied
from 245.85 to 1802.19 mg/kg·fuel, which were comparable at magnitudes
to the reported results of an ocean-going ship and on-road diesel
vehicles without filters. The discrepancy of IVOC EFs is significant
within different operation modes. IVOC EFs under the idling mode were
1.24–3.28 times higher than those under moving/working modes.
Unspeciated b-alkanes and cyclic compounds, which
were the unresolved components in IVOCs at the molecular level, accounted
for approximately 91% of total IVOCs from NRCMs. The SOA production
potential analysis shows that IVOCs dominated SOA formation of NRCMs.
Our results demonstrate that IVOC emissions from NRCMs are non-negligible.
Thus, an accurate estimation of their IVOC emissions would benefit
the understanding of SOA formation in the urban atmosphere.
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