Paternal age has been associated with offspring congenital heart defects (CHDs), which might be caused by increased mutations in the germ cell line because of cumulated cell replications. Empirical evidences, however, remain inconclusive. Furthermore, it is unknown whether all subtypes of CHDs are affected by paternal age. We aimed to explore the relationship between paternal age and the risk of offspring CHDs and its five common subtypes using national register data in Denmark. A total of 1 893 899 singletons born in Denmark from 1977 to 2008 were included in this national-based cohort study. Cox’s proportion hazards model with robust sandwich estimate option was used to estimate the hazards ratio (95% confidence interval) for the associations between paternal age and all CHDs, as well as subtypes of CHDs (patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), ventricular septal defect (VSD), atrial septal defect (ASD), tetralogy of fallot (TOF) and coarctation of the aorta (CoA)). We did not observe an overall association between paternal age and offspring CHDs. However, compared to the paternal age of 25–29 years, paternal age of older than 45 years was associated with a 69% increased risk of PDA (HR45+ = 1.69, 95%CI:1.17–2.43). We observed similar results when subanalyses were restricted to children born to mothers of 27–30 years old. After taking into consideration of maternal age, our data suggested that advanced paternal age was associated with an increased prevalence of one subtype of offspring congenital heart defects (CHDs), namely patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).
Introduction: The association between obesity before pregnancy and preterm birth varies with age and ethnicity. Objective: To study the association between early body mass index (BMI) and risk of preterm birth in Chinese women. Methods: This was a hospital-based retrospective cohort study including 36,596 Chinese women who gave birth to a live singleton infant from 2015 to 2018. Women were classified as underweight (BMI < 18.5), normal weight (BMI 18.5 to < 23), overweight (BMI 23 to < 27.5), or obese (BMI ≥27.5) according to the most recent criteria for Asian women. Multivariate log-binomial regression models were used to estimate the relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for preterm birth among different groups. Results: Compared to women with normal weight, women with overweight or obesity before pregnancy had an increased risk of preterm birth; the RRs and 95% CIs were 1.22 (95% CI: 1.08-1.37) and 1.30 (95% CI: 1.01-1.69), respectively. The greatest risk of extremely preterm birth was observed in obese women. The estimators were robust when considering the maternal age and rate of gestational weight gain (GWG) during pregnancy. Conclusions: Women with overweight and obesity had an increased risk of preterm birth regardless of GWG in early pregnancy. Our study suggests that it is beneficial to lose weight before conception for both overweight and obese women who plan to become pregnant.
Background Thyroid hormones are associated with birth weight in singleton pregnancy. Twin pregnancies need more thyroid hormones to maintain the normal growth and development of the fetuses compared with single pregnancy. We aimed to investigate the association of thyroid hormones and birth weight in twins. Method This was a retrospective cohort study in Chinese population. Pregnant women who received regular antenatal health care and delivered live-born twins from 2014 to 2019 were included (n=1626). Linear mixed model with restricted cubic splines and logistic regression models were used to estimate the association of thyroid hormones with birth weight and birth weight discordance in twins. Results We observed that both thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) were not associated with birth weight in twins overall. While when stratifying on fetal sex or chorionicity, there were non-linear association between FT4 levels and birth weight in boys (Pnon-linear<0.001) and in dichorionic (DC) twins (Pnon-linear=0.0295). Women with levels of FT4 lower than the 10 th percentile had a higher risk of birth weight discordance in their offsprings than women with normal FT4 levels (range from the 2.5 to 97.5 percentiles) (odds ratio=1.58, 95% confidence interval: 1.05, 2.33). Conclusion Our study suggested that there was an association of FT4, but not TSH, with birth weight and birth weight discordance varied by sex and chorionicity. These findings could have implications for obstetrician to be aware of importance of FT4 levels in prevention of birth weight discordance in twin pregnancy.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.