A theoretical
model was established to predict the morphology evolution
of a volatile liquid lens evaporation on another immiscible liquid
substrate surface. The theoretical model considered the dynamic process
of contact line motion. On the basis of the boundary conditions established
at the contact line, the morphology change of the liquid lens was
calculated by numerically solving the Young–Laplace differential
equations for the three interfaces. The mass evaporation rate was
calculated by the diffusion-controlled evaporation model. Then, an
experimental system was established to record the process of a hexane
lens evaporation on the surface of an ionic liquid with a depth of
4 mm. The calculated hexane lens radius variation matches well with
the experimental measurements, which shows the rationality of the
present model. The calculated results show that the evaporation pattern
of the liquid lens follows the constant contact-angle evaporation
mode for ∼70% of the lifetime. During the later stage of evaporation,
the contact angle decreases, accompanied by contraction of the contact
line, which is similar to the mixed evaporation mode in the later
stage of sessile droplet evaporation on a solid substrate surface.
Furthermore, the influences of the initial hexane lens volume and
the ionic liquid temperature on the dynamic contact angle were theoretically
summarized. This study helps to provide in-depth insights into regulating
the lens evaporation process on another immiscible liquid substrate
surface to control the particle deposition mode.
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