Hypoxia detection is emphasized with attention due to tumor and related diseases diagnosis, which could provide useful methods for exploring the mechanism of hypoxic tumor. Herein, we report two unprecedented hypoxia-sensitive probes that specifically switch-on their near-infrared fluorescence signals in the presence of hypoxia up-regulated enzymes (nitroreductase and cytochrome P450 reductase). The probes were designed by featuring the decomposition of IR-780 coupled to hypoxia activatable pnitrobenzyl or azo moiety, which exhibit near-infrared fluorescence emission, high sensitivity, selectivity, stable photostability, and low cytotoxicity. Besides, the joint use of two probes could differentiate the 4T1 and HepG2 cells lines through fluorescence signals successfully. More importantly, applied to monitor hypoxia in 4T1 tumor-bearing BALB/c mice, the two probes have ideal biodistribution with passive accumulation and fast clearance, and there is negligible organ damage by hematoxylin and eosin staining analysis. To the best of our knowledge, there is no fluorescent probe for hypoxia detection via joint hypoxia regulated enzymes reported so far. This method may be of great potential use in cancer and other relevant diseases diagnosis.
A novel hydrosoluble near-infrared fluorescent probe is applied to imaging and detection of endogenous tyrosinase in living cells, zebrafish and a mouse model.
A ratiometric near-infrared fluorescence probe based on IR-780 is developed and applied to fluoride anion (F − ) detection in potable water and white flour as well as fluorescence imaging in living cells and mice. The proposed probe not only displays a linear ratiometric (F 740 /F 690 nm) fluorescence response but also possesses near-infrared wavelengths to F − with a detection limit of 0.2 μM. Moreover, the designed probe displays high selectivity toward F − , which makes it feasible for F − detection in potable water and white flour. More importantly, applied to monitor F − in living HepG2 cells and male BALB/c mice, the probe indicates good biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity. However, no study for F − detection has been reported by a ratiometric NIR fluorescent probe so far. We expect that this probe with superior properties has great potential for use in F − detection in biological systems and in vivo studies.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.