Pancreatic cancer (PC) has a high degree of malignancy and poor prognosis, and countless patients have distant metastasis when diagnosed. Gemcitabine (GEM) chemotherapy is one of the main ways of treatment. However, PC cells have been displayed chemoresistance to GEM during treatment. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been demonstrated to be the most popular diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in PC with GEM resistance. Here, we assessed the potential of circLMTK2 in the GEM resistance of PC cells. Functional assays were implemented to measure the impacts of circLMTK2 on the proliferation, migration/invasion, and apoptosis of GEM-resistant PC cells. Bioinformatics analysis and mechanical experiments displayed the underlying mechanism of circLMTK2 in GEM-resistant PC cells. We found that circLMTK2 was upregulated in PC and GEM-resistant PC tissues and cells. CircLMTK2 knockdown suppressed proliferation, invasion, migration, and enhanced apoptosis in GEM-resistant PC cells. Moreover, circLMTK2 silencing could decrease GEM resistance-associated tumor size in vivo. In terms of mechanism, circLMTK2 served as a sponge for miR-485-5p, and miR-485-5p bound to p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 1 (PAK1), which were clarified via the dual-luciferase assay in PC cell lines. We confirmed that circLMTK2 knockdown attenuated GEM-resistant PC cells by regulating PAK1 via miR-485-5p. Our study demonstrated that circLMTK2 may be a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in GEM-resistant PC cells.
Background Pancreatic metastasis from colorectal cancer is extremely rare. Here, we report a case of colorectal cancer with lung and pancreatic metastasis and analyze the histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and next-generation sequencing (NGS) to generate a differential diagnosis and treatment of metastatic colon cancer. Case presentation AC1 A 78-year-old man was admitted because of a recently elevated carcinoembryonic antigen. This patient had undergone laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for cecal cancer IIA (T3N0M0) 5 years before admission, and thoracoscopic left upper lung wedge resection for primary colon cancer lung metastasis 2 years before admission. At that time, the patient was thought to have pancreatic metastasis from colon cancer. He underwent laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (combined with splenectomy). Postoperative pathology revealed colon cancer metastasis. We performed NGS on tumor samples at three loci and found colon cancer's most common oncogenic driver genes (KRAS, APC, and TP53). One month after surgery, the patient was given capecitabine for six cycles of chemotherapy. At present, no high adverse reactions have been reported. Discussion For patients with pancreatic space-occupying, such as a previous history of colorectal cancer, and recent carcinoembryonic antigen elevation, we should highly suspect pancreatic metastatic colorectal cancer. NGS is an essential auxiliary for identifying metastatic tumors. Surgery combined with postoperative chemotherapy is an effective treatment.
Background Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is often located in the pleura, while SFT of the pancreas is extremely rare. Here, we report a case of SFT of the pancreas and discuss imaging, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry for accurate diagnosis and treatment. Case presentation A 54-year-old man presented to our hospital with pancreatic occupancy for over a month. There were no previous complaints of discomfort. His blood pressure was normal. Blood glucose, tumor markers, and enhanced computed tomography (CT) suggested a malignant tumor. Because the CT appearance of pancreatic cancer varies, we could not confirm the diagnosis; therefore, we performed a puncture biopsy under ultrasound endoscopy. Pathology and immunohistochemistry were consistent with SFT of the pancreas. The postoperative pathology and immunohistochemistry were consistent with the puncture results. The patient presented for a follow-up examination one month after discharge with no adverse effects. Discussion Other diseases must be excluded in patients with a pancreatic mass that cannot be diagnosed. CT and pathological histology have diagnostic value for pancreatic tumors. Endoscopic puncture biopsy under ultrasound can help diagnose pancreatic masses that cannot be diagnosed preoperatively. Surgery is an effective treatment for SFT of the pancreas; however, long-term follow-up is strongly recommended because of the possibility of malignant transformation of the tumor.
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