The modification experiment of waterborne coating was carried out by adding microcapsules. The wall material of the microcapsule was urea-formaldehyde resin and the core material of the microcapsule was epoxy resin. Core material can improve the toughness of the coating and prevent the cracking of the coating. The influences of different contents of microcapsules and the order of adding microcapsules in the coating process on the properties of gloss, color difference and toughness were studied. The results showed that the gloss of the waterborne coating decreased with the increase of microcapsule content. The color difference of coating increased first and then decreased, and when the microcapsule content was 8.0%, the color difference was the largest. The toughness of the coatings also increased first and then decreased. When the content of the microcapsule was 10.0%, the toughness of the coating was significantly enhanced. When the microcapsules with a content of 10.0% were added to the waterborne coating, under the same process, the coating gloss of microcapsules added to the primer was relatively high, and the coating gloss was the highest when the coating process was three-layer primer and two-layer topcoat. The microcapsule had little effect on the color difference of coating in different coating processes. When the coating process was three-layer primer and three-layer topcoat, the coating toughness was the best when microcapsules were added to the topcoats. This study provides a basis for industrial application of waterborne coatings to enhance their toughness.
Urea formaldehyde @ epoxy resin microcapsules were prepared by two steps in situ polymerization, and the morphology and composition of microcapsules with different mass ratios of core to wall material were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. The microcapsules were added to the waterborne wood coatings to explore the effect of microcapsules on the properties of coatings and their self-repairing characteristics, and the gloss, hardness, adhesion, and impact resistance of the waterborne wood coatings were investigated. The results showed that when the concentration of microcapsule was 10.0% and the mass ratio of core to wall material was 0.83:1, the waterborne wood coatings had a good comprehensive performance and less negative impact. In the scratch test, the waterborne wood coatings with a concentration of 10.0% microcapsule had good repair ability. The possibility of applying the self-repairing technology of microcapsule to waterborne wood coatings was discussed through the preparation and performance characterization of self-repairing coatings and the results can become a guideline for the engineering application of waterborne wood coatings.
A waterborne ultraviolet (UV)-curing coating was prepared on the surface of wood materials with modification of talcum powder and calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ). When the waterborne UV-curing coatings on the surface of wood materials (WUVCW) was radiated for 1 min by UV (λ = 365 nm) and dried at 40 • C for 10 min, it showed good hardness, adhesion, and impact strength, with controlling the talcum content of 2.0% and CaCO 3 content of 1.0%, respectively. When the content of talcum powder was higher than 2%, the mechanical properties and gloss of the WUVCW decreased, and when the talcum powder of WUVCW increase to more than 5%, a matte surface appeared after curing. When CaCO 3 and talcum powder were present at the same time, the mechanical properties of WUVCW were better than those of only CaCO 3 or talcum powder.it is necessary to modify the WUVCW in order to improve the mechanical properties and reduce the gloss [14].Wu et al. [15] used the antimony doped tin oxide to UV curable waterborne poly(urethane-acrylate) for the modification of thermal insulation by sol-gel process. Liao et al. [16] used carbon nitride to reinforce the mechanical and thermal properties of UV-curable waterborne polyurethane acrylate coatings. Rahman et al. [17] studied nanoferrite on the anticorrosive property of waterborne epoxy-acrylate coatings. Lv et al. [18] used silica on the thermochromics property of waterborne UV-curable polyurethane acrylate nanocomposites coatings. Talcum powder has an advantage of low price, stability of the physical and chemical properties, tasteless, and non-toxic [19]. The particles have the typical scaly, which can improve the heat resistance and bending resistance of the material. Talcum appears inert in most chemical reagents, and does not break down when contacted with acid [20]. Talcum has the low thermal conductivity and high thermal shock resistance, and still not decomposed when heated to 900 • C [21]. The excellent properties of talcum powder make it the good filler and can be used as an additive for coatings. Calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) is the white powder that is non-toxic, tasteless, none irritating, cheap and rich in resources, and has been widely used in plastic and ink fields [22].The manuscript presented an interesting research on the optimization of the wood coatings by modifying the coating's composition in order to maximize the output quality. Used coating components are somewhat more environmentally friendly than the ones that are commonly used. In this paper, talcum powder and CaCO 3 were combined to modify the WUVCW, and compared with single use of CaCO 3 or talcum. Heating with UV curing is used in combination during this technology. The orthogonal experiment was used to select and optimize the parameters of synergistic effect of talcum and CaCO 3 . The purpose of the synergistic modification is to enhance the mechanical properties and to reduce the gloss of the WUVCW.
The effect of the coating process on the properties of reversible thermochromic waterborne coating on the surface of Chinese fir was examined. The results demonstrated that the most critical process parameter affecting the color difference and gloss of the coating was the way of adding thermochromic ink. The coating process had little influence on the adhesion, impact resistance adding, liquid resistance, and original properties of the coating. There was no obvious gloss variation in the coating under different coating processes. For the (3+3) layered coatings, when the thermochromic ink was added to the topcoats, the discoloration performance was the most obvious and the comprehensive performance of coating was better. Meanwhile, the gloss was 55.6%, the adhesion grade was grade 0, the impact resistance was 5.0 kg·cm, the liquid resistance grade of the coating to sodium chloride, ethanol and detergent was grade 1, and the liquid resistance grade to red ink was grade 3. The discoloration performance of the coating was stable under the conditions of aging and time change. This study provides new insight into preparing thermochromic intelligent waterborne wood coatings with potential practical applications on Chinese fir wood surfaces, and also lays a foundation for its application in furniture engineering.Coatings 2020, 10, 223 2 of 15 consumption. Wang et al. [14] prepared a poly-3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene coating, which provided a new idea for the preparation of a highly conductive coating with an obvious thermochromic effect on the textile pattern. Pan et al. [15] prepared the thermochromic vanadium dioxide films co-sputtered by vanadium and stainless-steel. It has good durability in high-temperature environments, whether humid or dry. The thermochromic coatings in these studies are chiefly used in the fields of windows, buildings, fabrics, infrared sensors, etc., while research on the thermochromic waterborne coatings applied to the surface of furniture and wood is relatively rare.Organic reversible thermochromic materials are mainly composed of chromogenic agents and solvent, which have significant characteristics in the temperature of color change, color combination, and color contrast before and after color change [16]. Therefore, compared with inorganic and liquid crystal thermochromic materials, organic thermochromic materials are more popular because of their sensitive color change, rich color, good durability, long shelf life, and low cost. Organic reversible thermochromic ink has the advantages of convenient detection. They are fast, accurate, have no need for additional auxiliary equipment, and have a broad application prospect in thermochromic coatings [17]. Chinese fir is highly applied to construction, in bridges, house furnishings, woodwork, and other domains [18], on account of its light weight, good machinability, resistance to deforming, insect-resistance, anti-corrosion, and other excellent properties [19]. Waterborne wood coatings are free of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) [20] and air co...
Urea formaldehyde resin-coated epoxy resin microcapsules were prepared by two-step in situ polymerization. The effects of five factors on the yield, coverage rate, repair rate, and morphology of the microcapsules were investigated by five factors and four levels of orthogonal test. These five factors were the mass ratio of the core to the wall material (Wcore:Wwall), the mass ratio of the emulsifier to the core material (Wemulsifier:Wcore), stirring rate, deposition time, and mass ratio of the emulsifier solution to the core material (Wemulsifier solution:Wcore). The ideal technological level of microcapsule synthesis was determined. According to the results of the range and variance of yield, coverage rate, and repair rate, the comprehensive properties of microcapsules became ideal. At this time, the Wcore:Wwall was 0.8 : 1, Wemulsifier:Wcore was 1 : 100, stirring rate was 600 r/min, deposition time was 32 h, and Wemulsifier solution:Wcore was 8 : 1. When the concentration of microcapsules in the epoxy resin was 10.0%, the self-repair rate was the best and the repair rate was 114.77%. This study is expected to provide a reference value for the preparation of a microcapsule self-healing technology and lay a foundation for the subsequent development of self-healing materials.
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