Free‐standing paper‐like thin‐film electrodes have great potential to boost next‐generation power sources with highly flexible, ultrathin, and lightweight requirements. In this work, silver‐quantum‐dot‐ (2–5 nm) modified transition metal oxide (including MoO3 and MnO2) paper‐like electrodes are developed for energy storage applications. Benefitting from the ohmic contact at the interfaces between silver quantum dots and MoO3 nanobelts (or MnO2 nanowires) and the binder‐free nature and 0D/1D/2D nanostructured 3D network of the fabricated electrodes, substantial improvements on the electrical conductivity, efficient ionic diffusion, and areal capacitances of the hybrid nanostructure electrodes are observed. With this proposed strategy, the constructed asymmetric supercapacitors, with Ag quantum dots/MoO3 “paper” as anode, Ag quantum dots/MnO2 “paper” as cathode, and neutral Na2SO4/polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel as electrolyte, exhibit significantly enhanced energy and power densities in comparison with those of the supercapacitors without modification of Ag quantum dots on electrodes; present excellent cycling stability at different current densities and good flexibility under various bending states; offer possibilities as high‐performance power sources with low cost, high safety, and environmental friendly properties.

Capacitive deionization is proven to be a viable resource-efficient alternative to remove dissolved salts from water. Further improvements in electrode materials are, however, necessary to achieve a higher efficiency of water desalination. In this work, X-Fe (X = Mn, Co, Cu) Prussian blue analogues of homogeneous particle sizes were grown on electrically conducting activated carbon cloth electrodes by a simple and facile synthesis process. As two-dimensional/three-dimensional (2D/3D) nanostructured Prussian blue analogue materials present favorable electrochemical behavior and ion-exchange possibilities, they are promising for application in capacitive deionization. The modified carbon cloth electrodes exhibit higher salt adsorption capacity and better charge efficiency compared to those constructed with pristine carbon cloth. Cobalt hexacyanoferrate-modified electrodes show the most stable performance, reaching a salt adsorption capacity of 14.47 mg g–1 at 1.0 V, accompanied by the lowest energy consumption (0.389 kWh m–3). This simple strategy is expected to offer possibilities for designing and synthesizing advanced electrode materials with superior performances for application in capacitive deionization devices.

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3D activated carbon materials almost perfectly inherit the nano-architectures of spores, exhibiting excellent capacitance storage capability for EDLCs.

In situ polymerization creates composite electrolytes with broad electrochemical windows and conformal interfaces with electrodes, resulting in high-performance solid-state NCM-Li batteries.

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a b s t r a c t Arsenic (As) contamination is a severe problem in the intertidal zones of the Bohai Sea (China) with wide salinity variation. In the present study, we combined proteomics and metabolomics to characterize the differential responses of arsenic in clam Ruditapes philippinarum under different salinities (31.1, 23.3 and 15.6 psu). Both proteomic and metabolomic responses indicated that varying salinities could significantly affect the toxicological responses of clams to As. Metabolic biomarkers revealed that the environmentally relevant arsenic (20 g L −1 ) exposure induced disturbance in energy metabolism and/or osmotic regulation under different salinities, whereas protein biomarkers indicated oxidative stress, cellular injury and apoptosis and disturbance in energy metabolism. In addition, the up-regulated proteins including ATP synthase, succinyl-CoA synthetase and nucleoside diphosphate kinase were validated by related metabolites, succinate and ATP, which confirmed the disturbance in energy metabolism in clam gills at low salinity (15.6 psu). These findings provide important insights into toxicological effects of environmental contaminant at molecular levels using combined proteomics and metabolomics.

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