Despite being researched for nearly five decades, chemical application of metallic glass is scarcely explored. Here we show electrochemical nonenzymatic glucose-sensing ability of nickel–niobium (Ni60Nb40) amorphous alloys in alkaline medium. Three different Ni60Nb40 systems with the same elemental composition, but varying microstructures are created following different synthetic routes and tested for their glucose-sensing performance. Among melt-spun ribbon, nanoglass, and amorphous–crystalline nanocomposite materials, nanoglass showed the best performance in terms of high anodic current density, sensitivity (20 mA cm–2 mM–1), limit of detection (100 nM glucose), stability, reproducibility (above 5000 cycles), and sensing accuracy among nonenzymatic glucose sensors involving amorphous alloys. When annealed under vacuum, only the heat-treated nanoglass retained a similar electrochemical-sensing property, while the other materials failed to yield desired results. In nanoglass, a network of glassy interfaces, compared to melt-spun ribbon, is plausibly responsible for the enhanced sensitivity.
Owing to electric-field screening, the modification of magnetic properties in ferromagnetic metals by applying small voltages is restricted to a few atomic layers at the surface of metals. Bulk metallic systems usually do not exhibit any magneto-electric effect. Here, we report that the magnetic properties of micron-scale ferromagnetic metals can be modulated substantially through electrochemically-controlled insertion and extraction of hydrogen atoms in metal structure. By applying voltages of only ~ 1 V, we show that the coercivity of micrometer-sized SmCo5, as a bulk model material, can be reversibly adjusted by ~ 1 T, two orders of magnitudes larger than previously reported. Moreover, voltage-assisted magnetization reversal is demonstrated at room temperature. Our study opens up a way to control the magnetic properties in ferromagnetic metals beyond the electric-field screening length, paving its way towards practical use in magneto-electric actuation and voltage-assisted magnetic storage.
Expression and significance of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) and Claudin-3 in the blood of patients with prostate cancer [prostate cancer (PCa)] were investigated. Retrospective analysis of 84 cases of PCa patients confirmed by pathological diagnosis were studied, as the experiment group. Moreover, the physical examination data of 84 healthy volunteers examined in the Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University were the control group. The expression levels of blood in the PTEN and Claudin-3 of both the experiment group and the control group were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. According to the blood expression in PTEN and Claudin-3 between both the experiment group and the control group, the test value of the ROC curve in PTEN and Claudin-3 were detected by both single detection and joint detection. The expression levels of PTEN in the experiment group were significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05). The expression levels of Claudin-3 were higher in the experiment group than the control group (P<0.01). The expression levels of PTEN and Claudin-3 in the experiment group were significantly associated with the distant metastasis of cancer cells, preoperative prostate-specific antigen levels, tumor diameter and pathological stages (P<0.01). The expression levels of PTEN in the pathological stage of T1-T2 group was lower than that of the T3-T4 group (P<0.01). The expression levels of PTEN and Claudin-3 are closely related to the distant metastasis of cancer cells, preoperative prostate-specific antigen level, tumor diameter and pathological stage. Combined detection of both PTEN and Claudin-3 can improve the specificity levels of PCa for diagnosis and has an important diagnostic value for PCa. It can be used as a biological indicator for PCa diagnosis, disease severity analysis and efficacy evaluation.
a diameter less than ≈100 nm. After that, a cleaning of the specimen at 5 kV was performed to remove the beam-damaged surface regions. The prepared tips were transferred into the load-lock chamber of APT, waited ≈2 h until the vacuum reached ≈10 −8 Pa (LEAP 3000 XHR), and then transferred into analysis chamber (≈10 −11 Pa) at 70 K. Data on Cameca LEAP 5000XR were also acquired, and only waited for half an hour before transferring the sample from APT load-lock to analysis chamber. The APT experiments were conducted using high-voltage mode with a pulse fraction of 15% at a base temperature of 70 K, a pulse frequency of 200 kHz, and an evaporation rate of 0.5. Atom probe data reconstruction and analysis were performed using CAMECA IVAS 3.8.4 software.
Nanoporous metals produced by dealloying have aroused enormous interest due to exotic mechanical and physico-chemical properties that are usually inaccessible in their bulk form. Interestingly, when binary solid-solution alloys, such as Ag–Au alloys, are dealloyed, the resulting nanoporous metals usually inherit the crystal structure of their parent alloys. In this Letter, we examined the evolution of the crystal structure during the dealloying of Fe–Rh alloys that show single-phase solubility over a large range of compositions. In situ x-ray diffraction shows that the crystallographic structure of the Fe85Rh15 alloy transforms from the original bcc to fcc structure during the dealloying. Transmission electron microscopy confirms the fcc structure of the nanoporous sample, which exhibits a typical bi-continuous porous structure with ligament sizes of only 2–3 nm and a high Fe concentration. The bcc–fcc transformation is driven by the chemical disordering of Fe and Rh atoms, induced by the highly dynamic dissolution and diffusion process at the alloy/electrolyte interface. Our study highlights the massive diffusion and the consequent disordered arrangement of elemental components during the evolution of the nanoporous structure.
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