Development
of hole transport materials (HTMs) with comprehensive
passivation effects and appropriate energy levels are urgently desirable
for constructing highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells
(PSCs). Herein, we report an effective interfacial molecular doping
strategy and energy level regulation approach to improve the performance
of PSCs with ultrasimple carbazole-based HTMs CZ-As and CZ-Py. The pyridine-substituted HTM CZ-Py exhibits
a stepped energy level with perovskite and CZ-As, effective
passivation of Pb2+ defect, as well as the assistance of
the formation of high-quality perovskite film and hole transport layer
(HTL). By utilizing CZ-Py as interfacial doping material
and CZ-As as HTM, the undesired charge carrier recombination
at the perovskite/HTM interface are significantly restricted. Finally,
the fabricated PSCs feature an impressive power conversion efficiency
(PCE) up to 23.5% and good long-term stability. This work demonstrates
a facile and highly efficient way to reduce nonradiative recombination
and further improve photovoltaic performance of PSCs.
Two novel highly efficient and low-cost phenothiazine 5,5-dioxide core building block based hole transport materials are reported, achieving a power conversion efficiency as high as 20.2%.
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