Catalytic hydrosilylation
represents a straightforward and atom-efficient
methodology for the creation of C–Si bonds. In general, the
application of homogeneous platinum complexes prevails in industry
and academia. Herein, we describe the first heterogeneous single atom
catalysts (SACs), which are conveniently prepared by decorating alumina
nanorods with platinum atoms. The resulting stable material efficiently
catalyzes hydrosilylation of industrially relevant olefins with high
TON (≈105). A variety of substrates is selectively
hydrosilylated including compounds with sensitive reducible and other
functional groups (N, B, F, Cl). The single atom based catalyst shows
significantly higher activity compared to related Pt nanoparticles.
The N-alkylation of amines or ammonia with alcohols is a valuable route for the synthesis of N-alkyl amines. However, as a potentially clean and economic choice for N-alkyl amine synthesis, non-noble metal catalysts with high activity and good selectivity are rarely reported. Normally, they are severely limited due to low activity and poor generality. Herein, a simple NiCuFeOx catalyst was designed and prepared for the N-alkylation of ammonia or amines with alcohol or primary amines. N-alkyl amines with various structures were successfully synthesized in moderate to excellent yields in the absence of organic ligands and bases. Typically, primary amines could be efficiently transformed into secondary amines and N-heterocyclic compounds, and secondary amines could be N-alkylated to synthesize tertiary amines. Note that primary and secondary amines could be produced through a one-pot reaction of ammonia and alcohols. In addition to excellent catalytic performance, the catalyst itself possesses outstanding superiority, that is, it is air and moisture stable. Moreover, the magnetic property of this catalyst makes it easily separable from the reaction mixture and it could be recovered and reused for several runs without obvious deactivation.
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