Nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) is a heterotrimeric transcription factor that plays an important role in various biological processes in plants, such as flowering regulation, drought resistance, and salt stress. However, few in-depth studies investigated the alfalfa NF-Y gene family. In this study, in total, 60 MsNF-Y genes, including 9 MsNF-YAs, 26 MsNF-YBs, and 25 MsNF-YCs, were identified in the alfalfa genome. The genomic locations, gene structures, protein molecular weights, conserved domains, phylogenetic relationships, and gene expression patterns in different tissues and under different stresses (cold stress, drought stress, and salt stress) of these NF-Y genes were analyzed. The illustration of the conserved domains and specific domains of the different subfamilies of the MsNF-Y genes implicates the conservation and diversity of their functions in alfalfa growth, development, and stress resistance. The gene expression analysis showed that 48 MsNF-Y genes (7 MsNF-YAs, 22 MsNF-YBs, and 19 MsNF-YCs) were expressed in all tissues at different expression levels, indicating that these genes have tissue expression specificity and different biological functions. In total, seven, seven, six, and eight MsNF-Y genes responded to cold stress, the ABA treatment, drought stress, and salt stress in alfalfa, respectively. According to the WGCNA, molecular regulatory networks related to salt stress were constructed for MsNF-YB2, MsNF-YB5, MsNF-YB7, MsNF-YB15, MsNF-YC5, and MsNF-YC6. This study could provide valuable information for further elucidating the biological functions of MsNF-Ys and improving salt tolerance and other abiotic stress resistance in alfalfa.

In order to make the design of modern complex software support the multi-disciplinary optimization，realize its solving function，and confirm its comprehensive optimum scheme，We put forward a modeling method，which is combining the Freeform with surface design. Considered the characteristics of modern software design，we analyzed the important role that modern software played in the modeling process，studied the application process of modeling that combining freeform with the surface design.，and did the application of virtual design，for example，combined the technology of “virtual clay”with “force feedback” into the virtual design. Put the above method into the design of Dongba sculpture，and we confirmed that this technology can add or reduce the soil in accordance with the different demands， and is an effective method to solve the complex problems in the modeling process.

Starting with the patterns of southwest ethnic minority, I analyzed the components of those patterns and found that metaphors’universal existence in them. This article targets the study of metaphors in patterns of sun, moon, and star, which are divided into three categories: mystery and fantasy, light and hope, worship and power. Therefore, it comes to the conclusion that the metaphors in patterns reveal the national psychology and the aspiration for deities’ bless, at the same time, exert great mental influence upon the development and improvement of the ethnic minorities.

rapid and efficient product design nowadays is one of the crucial researching fields of design methodology. The invention of virtual clay technology FreeForm is absolute a beneficial supplement to computer-aided design. Therefore, this thesis finds its value in enriching the modeling method in computer-aided design, especially in the perspective of integration between surface and fast modeling and production, a quick response to the demand and change in market.

the developing trend of upholstered furniture in years will be studied through the analysis of furniture aesthetic performance, combining personal designing case, applied human engineering, marketing, design methodology, graphics, statistics, Perceptive and cognitive principle in psychology in this thesis. Reference and relatively abundant, comprehensive support can be provided for designers through the value theory of aesthetic subject and object, which will improve the marketing competitiveness of independent research and development of China. This thesis also aims to light the law of upholstered furniture development. Such laws can explain how to adjust to the popular consumer demand under the current industry mode.

The concept and characteristic of virtual product development technology are introduced,and the four stages of starting stage,development stage, prosperous stage and future development stage show that virtual product development technology uses computer complete the whole process of product development ,and is a reappearance in virtual environment of real process of design and manufacture of product, a integration of virtual computer technology combined with modern designing method ,which explain that Pro/E MasterCAM can realize the value of product virtual developmen.Its advantages are also analyzed ,as well as its development tendency

The paper introduces the way of solid modeling and wire frame modeling, described modeling ways from drawing the general outline of the form, to using the general model to make out the general modeling of form, to making the whole effect of the animation by combining with concrete examples which are pf rapid and convenient application value in promoting design speed, enriching expression effect (surface modeling), optimizing design process. It is beneficial to play the design wisdom, give consideration to both economic and social benefits. Its modeling is easy to meet consumer demand for fresh and exaggerated things, and helps to clear the market demand, good commodity modeling and its industrialization prospect.

Starting from constitution of design symbols, this article analyzes the constitution forms before sending and receiving messages, the decomposed information carriers of senders and receivers, the coding rules of sending messages formulated by senders and decoding rules of receiving messages by receivers, thus concludes three basic rules, namely, regular、irregular and mixed type of understanding. And the design symbol reveals the distribution and enjoyment of culture. Without social relationships and communication of individuals, there will be no symbols and transmission、the systematic integration of various human design symbols as well as the approaches of the accumulation of collective experience and the pass of behaviors of individuals.