No abstract

Despite the high theoretical specific capacity of 1675 mAh g−1, lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) are still far away from wide commercialization due to the poor sulfur/Li2S electroconductivity and the polysulfides shuttle effect. In order to alleviate the active materials shuttling, separators in LSBs are required to guarantee the fast lithium‐ion transfer as well as the strong polysulfides immobilization. Therefore, various functional materials have been employed to modify the separator to achieve this goal. Among them, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with easy morphology design and high ionic or electronic conductivity have been widely investigated. This review summarizes the recent advances of MOF‐based interlayer for LSBs separator functionalization. Original MOFs, MOF derivatives, and MOF composites are included in this discussion. The mechanism of the enhancement of the electrochemical performance of each modified separator is explicated. Furthermore, the prospect of this promising area is provided.

The spill of oil in the ocean and the abuse of pharmaceutical and personal care products in water systems would pose a direct threat to the environment and human health. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) can serve as promising adsorbents to solve these problems, but most MOFs are unstable in water, thereby limiting their applications. To address these issues, we proposed a simple postsynthesis modification strategy with perfluoroalkyl acid to produce hydrophobic MOF nanoadsorbents. The modified nanomaterial retained its original structure and porosity, while its water contact angle increased to 145°. The hydrophobic nanomaterial showed an obvious increase in the adsorption capacity for a diversity of organic solvents and gave an outstanding recycling performance. It also exhibited good oil–water separation capabilities. In addition, we investigated the efficiency of UiO-66-F in the adsorption of carbamazepine from its aqueous solutions, and it was found that the framework’s ability to remove carbamazepine in water increased remarkably. Furthermore, the adsorption isotherms and kinetics analyses of the adsorption were conducted, and the results fitted with the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, respectively. Therefore, the hydrophobic perfluoroalkyl MOF nanomaterial UiO-66-F can be deemed as a promising matrix to capture hazardous wastes from water.