The investigation of real-time dynamic behavior evaluation in the active distribution networks (ADNs) is a challenging task, and it has great importance due to the emerging trend of distributed generations, electric vehicles, and flexible loads integration. The advent of new elements influences the dynamic behavior of the electric distribution networks and increases the assessment complexity. However, the proper implementation of low-cost phasor measurement units (PMUs) together with the development of power system applications offer tremendous benefits. Therefore, this paper proposes a PMU-based multi-dimensional dynamic index approach for real-time dynamic behavior evaluation of ADNs. The proposed evaluation model follows the assessment principles of accuracy, integrity, practicability, and adaptability. Additionally, we introduced low-cost PMUs in the assessment model and implemented them for real-time and high-precision monitoring of dynamic behaviors in the entire distribution network. Finally, a complete model called the real-time dynamic characteristics evaluation system is presented and applied to the ADN. It is pertinent to mention that our proposed evaluation methodology does not rely on the network topology or line parameters of the distribution network since only the phasor measurements of node voltage and line current are involved in the dynamic index system. Thus, the presented methodology is well adaptive to different operation states of ADN despite frequent topology changes. The validation of the proposed approach was verified by conducting simulations on the modified IEEE 123-node distribution network. The obtained results verify the effectiveness and relevance of the proposed model for the real-time dynamic behavior evaluation of ADNs.
In order to solve the transaction clearing problem caused by the insufficient reactive power support ability of renewable energy, the reactive power regulation characteristics of renewable energy are studied and a power distribution network transaction clearing method considering renewable energy reactive power support ability is proposed. Wind power, photovoltaic and other renewable energy sources are generally connected to the power grid through power electronic equipment. Within the capacity control range, there are two adopted control modes including constant voltage and constant reactive power. According to the operation needs of power distribution network, a transaction clearing model aiming at the lowest power energy purchase cost is proposed. A transaction clearing method based on reactive power relaxation is proposed to improve the solving efficiency. Finally, a case study based on the REDS-32 buses system shows that the transaction clearing method can effectively consider the reactive power support ability of renewable energy sources, which could ensure that the transaction clearing results are close to the actual operation requirements and avoid the problem of bus voltage overruns affecting the safe operation of power distribution network.
To meet power cable construction underground in the city, it is necessary to ensure the normal operation of power cable. In this paper, we do the research about the compensation mode of cable line construction in Henan province, that is the difference mode and the construction mode, and analyzed with the actual project. We get the conclusion that difference fee compare to the construction fee is increased the difference between the cable fee and overhead cost. And we analysis the reasons based on "State grid corporation on General cost of transmission and transformation engineering" and the actual engineering. Keywords: Big Data; Power cable; Difference feeAlong with the sustained development of the urbanization of our province, in order to strength the management about urban underground pipeline construction,guarantee the safe operation of the city, and improve the quality of the comprehensive combined load capacity and urbanization development.Planning requirements of electric line cable is put forward around the city and the new urban area [1] .Normal power lines are invested by electricity companies. Because the cable line has characteristics of one-time investment, long recovery period construction cost and high maintenance cost, which is compare to the overhead line. Based on the principle of "who advocates, who pays", Power Company negotiated with the government: the government for the cable line construction pay for the corresponding compensation [2] . Current compensation patterns in Henan province is mainly divided into two kinds: one is the price spread compensation mode provide by government between cable plan and overhead plan. (referred to as "differential mode", costs as price difference). The other is use free of charge that the cable construction is pad by the government (for short " civil construction "). This paper analyzes the two investment modes from the theory and the practical engineering [3] .
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