This study illustrated the growth of
Scenedesmus obliquus
and recycle of nutrients in wastewater combined with inorganic carbon under autotrophic conditions.
Scenedesmus obliquus
was cultivated under different conditions by adding sodium carbonate (Na
2
CO
3
) at 15–40 mg l
−1
separately in wastewater containing high nitrogen and phosphorus content. The growth characteristics of
S. obliquus
, pH and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) changes of microalgae liquid, the recycle rate of ammonia and phosphorus and lipid content were determined. The changes of pH and DIC showed that
S. obliquus
could use Na
2
CO
3
to grow, with lipid contents of 18–25%. Among all Na
2
CO
3
concentrations, 20 mg l
−1
was the optimum, of which
S. obliquus
had the highest NH
3
-N recycle of 52% and
P
O
4
3
–
P
recycle of 67%. By the 14th day, its biomass production also reaches the maximum of 0.21 g l
−1
. However, inorganic carbon fixation rate was inversely proportional to its concentration. Moreover, the biomass was in positive correlation with the Na
2
CO
3
concentration except 20 mg l
−1
, which provided a possibility that
S. obliquus
could be acclimatized to adjust to high concentrations of inorganic carbon to promote biomass accumulation and recycle of nutrients.
The results show that the larger the real part of the wave number is, the farther the transmission of PCVBs with hollow distribution will be. The expression of partially coherent vortex beams passing through a gain/absorption medium is derived in this paper based on the generalized Huygens–Fresnel principle. The influences of the refractive index (related to the real part of the wave number) and the gain/absorption characteristics (related to the imaginary part of the wave number) on the transmission of partially coherence vortex beams are investigated. The results show that the larger the real part of the wave number is, the farther the transmission of PCVBs with hollow distribution will be. In gain media, the light power keeps increasing; on the other hand, in absorption media, the light power keeps decreasing. The diffraction effect of the media on the intensity distribution also is mentioned. We discover that, during the transmission, the evolutions of the spectral degree of coherence relate to the real and imaginary parts of the wave number, and the coherence vortices can split and generate. We believe the results of this study are important to the fields of singular optics and optical communications.
Conceptual design as an essential step in product innovative design, a definitive design process and effective solution methods enable the rapid solving of design problems. In the conceptual design process, conceptual design solutions are solved by mapping multi-domain knowledge to design problems. However, such a process exists with multiple mapping paths and weak connections between knowledge. Therefore, we propose a knowledge transfer method that combines Function Behavior Structure (FBS) and Knowledge Graph (KG) for the conceptual design solution. Based on the FBS model, we structure the design process, identify and evaluate the functions and behaviors that satisfy the design requirements, integrate multi-domain knowledge based on knowledge graph technology and transfer it to the design process to support the conceptual design. Finally, the paper verifies the feasibility of the method with the design of a hoisting structure for heavy-duty and high precision movement. The results show that the proposed method is helpful for solving the ideal design solution, reducing the iterative steps, and improving the design efficiency to a certain extent.
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