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Extensive relativistic configuration interaction calculations have been performed for the 4d104f and 4d105s states of the Ag-like isoelectronic ion using the GRASP2K package based on the multi-configuration Dirac–Fock method. The active space techniques have been employed to extend the configuration expansion systematically. The electron correlation effects, Breit interaction and quantum electrodynamics effects to the atomic state wavefunctions and the corresponding energies have been taken into account. Good agreement has been obtained in a general trend with the existing experimental and theoretical values. The change of the ground state configuration from 4d105s to 4d104f is predicted to occur at Z = 62. The transition energy and probability of the M1 transition between the 4d104f multiplets are, respectively, scaled to be 0.01(Z*)4 cm−1 and 1.95 × 10−17(Z*)11.97 s−1, where Z* = Z − 34.42 is the effective nuclear charge number for Ag-like ions with Z ⩾ 62. Our results show the need for more high-precision experiments for Z ⩾ 68 ions.

This paper reports a diode-end-pumped continuous-wave (CW) Nd:YAG laser operating at 946-nm by utilizing the 4F3/2-4I9/2 transition. We demonstrated that at an incident pump power of 27.7 W, an output power of 8.3-W could be achieved with a slope efficiency of 33.5%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest CW output power at 946 nm generated by LD end-pumped Nd:YAG lasers. By using intracavity frequency doubling with an LBO crystal, we further obtained a 473-nm blue laser with an output power of 1.2 W, achieving an optical-to-optical conversion efficiency of 7.1% at a pump power of 16.9 W. The short-term power instability of the blue laser was less than 1 %.

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