Objective: This work sought to evaluate a physical exercise program of moderate intensity in patients operated of bariatric surgery and its influence on muscle strength. Method: Randomized clinical trial, with an intervention group and a control group. Forty-three patients were operated of bariatric surgery. The intervention group was applied a program of moderate physical activity during six months. Grip strength and bioimpedance were measured at their baseline form, at one month, and six months after surgery. A bivariate study was conducted to observe variable changes. Results: Upon conducting Student´s t for independent samples in all the variables (weight, body mass index, grip strength, lean mass, fat mass, and metabolism), the result is that no significant differences exist between the intervention group and the control group with p > 0.05. Conclusion: A program of moderate physical activity lasting six months in patients intervened of bariatric surgery has no significant result in the development of muscle mass evaluated through manual dynamometry and bioimpedance.
Background
The prevalence of childhood hypertension is growing exponentially, influenced by environmental factors such as foods with high salt content, sedentary lifestyles and poor-quality food. The incidence of hypertension is about 10.4% in well-nourished children, but when associated with obesity or overweight, this can rise to 38% and 68%, respectively. To assess the influence of physical activity on the blood pressure of children who are overweight or obese.
Methods
This randomised clinical trial (RCT) was carried out in Granada (Spain), from October 2015 to June 2016. The sample consisted of 98 children, all of whom were overweight or obese. The intervention group (n=49) practised physical activity and received nutritional advice, while the control group (n=49) only received theoretical-practical sessions on nutrition. Body composition was measured, a nutritional assessment was made and blood pressure was determined (in percentiles, to avoid the misclassification of children who are located at the extremes of normal growth).
Results
Before the physical activity intervention, 85.7% of the children in the intervention group (with overweight/obesity) were in the 95th or higher percentile for blood pressure, a situation representative of high blood pressure (hypertension). However, by the end of the study period, this value had decreased significantly (p=0.001), to 16.13%.
Conclusions
Childhood obesity is a risk factor for hypertension. Physical activity, together with nutritional advice, effectively reduces blood pressure in children who are overweight or obese. The use of percentiles, according to age, weight and height, is an effective means of measuring blood pressure.
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