Gao, 2020). COVID-19 is an acute respiratory tract infectious disease, typically featuring rapid onset, strong infective ability and rapid change of course, attracting universal attention in the world.

Aims To explore the psychological changes of nurses during home isolation, the factors that related with these changes, and coping strategies in home isolation during the epidemic of COVID‐19 in China. Design A qualitative study based on grounded theory. Methods Individual semi‐structured telephone interviews were conducted from January 2020‐February 2020 with 10 nurses who were isolated at home sharing the experiences of the epidemic of COVID‐19. All interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and analysed using constant comparative data analysis. Results Analyses of the collected data reveal that the psychological changes of nurses during home isolation reflect a complex, dynamic, and gradually adaptive process that was affected by many factors. Nurses had many negative emotional reactions in the early stages of isolation and positive emotions gradually increased during home isolation. After release from home isolation, they become more confident and calm after. Six categories of coping strategies were identified, including reasoned cognition; autosuggestion; develop healthy protective behaviours; shifting attention; social support; and the power of a role model. Conclusions The study provides a better understanding of the psychological changes and the coping strategies used among nurses isolated at home. It is necessary to pay more attention to negative emotions in the early stages of home isolation to help nurses adjust quickly. The coping strategies used by nurses are likely to help those in home isolation reduce negative psychological changes and experience more optimal self‐adjustment. Impact This study explored the psychological changes and coping strategies of home isolation among nurses, providing useful advice for psychologists to develop psychological crisis interventions to help individuals reduce negative psychological and have more actively coping strategies when faced sudden stressful infectious diseases.

Background Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) and implantable port catheters (IPCs) are 2 most common central venous access for cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. However, no specific evidence exists to guide practitioners on safety and less cost. Objective To compare the differences of complications and costs of PICC and IPC in the treatment of cancer patients with chemotherapy and to provide a basis for better clinical decision making. Methods All the cohort studies were searched in the Cochrane Library, JBI, PubMed, Elsevier, Web of Science, CINAHL, CBM, and CNKI from inception to July 2018. Two reviewers screened and selected trials, evaluated quality, and extracted data. Meta-analysis and description of the outcomes were performed by using the RevMan 5.3 software. Results A total of 761 articles were retrieved, with 15 articles meeting eligibility criteria. Outcome analysis showed no difference in 1-puncture success rate. Peripherally inserted central catheter use was associated with higher complication rates than IPC, including occlusion, infection, malposition, catheter-related thrombosis, extravasation, phlebitis, and accidental removal rate. The life span of IPC was longer than that of PICC, and the costs of IPC were lower. Conclusions Implantable port catheter has advantages over PICC in reducing cancer patients’ complications and less cost in terms of long-term cancer chemotherapy. Implications for Practice In terms of safety, the results provide evidence for practitioners to choose which type of central venous catheters is better for cancer chemotherapy patients. In terms of costs, practitioners need to make decisions about which type of central venous catheters has less cost.

Background: Cancer and its treatment significantly impact the quality of life (QOL) of adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients. This meta-analysis examined the effects of exercise interventions on the generic and cancer-specific QOL of AYA cancer patients and survivors. Methods: Four databases were searched from January 2010 to September 2019. RevMan 5.3 was used to synthesize the effects of exercise intervention on the QOL of AYA cancer patients and survivors. Results: A total of 11 eligible studies have been included in this paper. Direct outcome comparisons found that pooled overall effects on generic QOL were in favor of exercise interventions, but only with marginal significance (Z= 1.96, P = 0.05). When performing the subscale analysis of the generic QOL, three trials assessed the effects of exercise interventions on the emotional domain of QOL, and the weighted mean difference (WMD) for the overall intervention effect was 3.47 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.42 to 6.51). Additionally, exercise interventions increased the minutes of physical activity per week undertaken by AYA cancer patients and survivors (Z= 2.88, P = 0.004). Conclusion: Exercise interventions had positive effects on generic QOL and increased the minutes of physical activity per week undertaken by AYA cancer patients and survivors. In addition, exercise intervention programs appear to be safe, as there were no studies that reported adverse events. Future research, with rigorous methodological standards and larger sample sizes, should be designed to confirm the positive effects of exercise interventions on the QOL of AYA cancer patients and survivors.

Aim The review aimed to evaluate the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Background With an increase in published reports on pulmonary rehabilitation, there is a need for a meta‐analysis to measure the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation in elderly COPD patients. Design A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Data Sources The Cochrane library (Issue 4, 2018), Web of Science (1975 to April 2018), Embase (1974 to April 2018), Pubmed (1966 to April 2018), CINAHL (1982 to April 2018), JBI (The Joanna Briggs Institute) (1996 to April 2018), CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) (1979 to April 2018), CBM (SinoMed) (1982 to April 2018), and Wanfang Data (1900 to April 2018) were searched. Review Methods Six outcome indicators were utilized for the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation. Two reviewers selected trials, evaluated the quality, and extracted data. Meta‐analysis was performed by using the RevMan 5.3 software. Results Eight studies recruited 414 elderly patients. Pulmonary rehabilitation resulted in significantly improved exercise capacity and quality of life in elderly people but with no influence on oxygen saturation compared with the control group. Conclusion There is a need to provide more detailed pulmonary rehabilitation programs for elderly patients with COPD.

Background Cancer patients are considered the most at risk of the consequences of catheter occlusion. Therefore, nursing interventions that can effectively reduce the occlusion of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) lines must be identified to ensure a smooth treatment. Objective This study aimed to evaluate nursing interventions to minimize PICC line occlusion and make recommended measures for preventing or decreasing occlusion and abnormal extubation. Methods Studies about PICC occlusion that were published up to January 2017 were searched and screened in PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct (Elsevier), EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Chinese databases CNKI and Wanfang. Two independent reviewers screened the literature in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, assessed the quality of the included studies, and extracted the data. Further meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3. Results Thirteen trials were included. Meta-analysis revealed that education for nurses (relative risk, 0.31; 95% confidence interval, 0.19–0.51; P < .00001) was significantly associated with PICC occlusion, whereas PICC type (relative risk, 0.60; 95% confidence interval, 0.32–1.15; P = .12) was not significantly associated with PICC occlusion. The solution to washing pipes and the PICC insertion techniques were descriptively analyzed to reach statistical significance. Conclusion This study determined the correlation of PICC occlusion with the nurses’ knowledge and skills, PICC types, flushing liquid and methods, and insertion techniques. Implications for Practice The findings of this study can serve as a guide for clinical work and for developing targeted measures to reduce occlusion.

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