More efforts to reduce GRSE are worth investigating as a strategy to reduce suicidal thoughts and behaviors in Chinese MSM.

Background Few studies have assessed the characteristics of spousal psychopathologies among parents of schoolchildren with and without psychological disorders (PD) in China. Methods Parental symptoms were measured using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) in 275 mothers and 278 fathers of 298 schoolchildren with PDs diagnosed in a population survey and in 825 mothers and 834 fathers of 894 schoolchildren without PDs as a 1:3 matched comparison group. Spousal GHQ scores were compared. Childhood PD type, presence of childhood comorbidities, and multiple parental and family characteristics were examined as predictors for parental GHQ scores by multiple linear regression analyses. Results The GHQ scores were significantly higher among mothers and fathers of children with any PD. Maternal GHQ scores were higher than paternal scores and significantly correlated with paternal GHQ scores in both groups. Spousal GHQ, personal PD history, and childhood PD comorbidity were significant independent predictors of both parents’ GHQ scores. There were also significant associations among parental chronic disease, low family income, and paternal and maternal GHQ score, as well as among low maternal education, less common disorder (LCD) prevalence in children and maternal GHQ score. The rate of GHQ score ≥3 for both parents was significantly higher in the study group than the control group (15.1 vs.7.0%). Conclusions Parents of children with any PD type demonstrate significantly elevated psychopathologies, and psychopathology tends to occur concomitantly and resemble that of the other spouse. Screening and treatment of parental psychiatric symptoms will benefit all family members.

Aims and objectives:To determine whether office spirometry (pre-and post-BD FEV1 measurement by the GP with handheld spirometer) contributes to diagnosing obstructive airways disease in subjects with unexplained airway symptoms. Subjects and methods: 15 GPs were instructed regarding FEV1 measurements and interpretation of spirometry and received a handheld spirometer. GPs performed office spirometry during or immediately after consultation in adults who presented with unexplained airway symptoms and recorded their diagnoses before and after office spirometry. Patients previously diagnosed with asthma or COPD were excluded. Within one week subjects underwent full spirometric testing in a lung function laboratory. Based on the laboratory test a pulmonologist labelled subjects as 'obstructive' or 'not obstructive'. Sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), and Diagnostic Odds Ratio (DOR) were calculated for the GPs' diagnosis of obstructive airways disease before and after office spirometry. The pulmonologists judgements served as 'Gold standard'. Results: 75 subjects were included (29 males). Mean age was 54 (SD 16) years. Initial GP diagnoses were: COPD/bronchitis (39%), asthma (36%), COPD/asthma (9%), and URTI (5%). Mean office spirometry post-BD FEV1 % predicted was 10.5% (SD 11.2) lower than for the laboratory test (p < 0.001). Before office spirometry the GPs' diagnosis of COPD had a Se = 56%, Sp = 53% and DOR = 1.47 (95%CI 1.35; 1.67). After office spirometry these values were Se = 56% en Sp = 76% and DOR = 4.12 (95%CI 2.98; 7.47), respectively. Conclusions: Although office spirometry FEV1 values were significantly lower compared to laboratory values, the higher specificity and Diagnostic Odds Ratio indicate better diagnostic test characteristics of the GPs judgment when office spirometry is added in adults who present with unexplained airway symptoms.

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