In previous studies, abdominal obesity has been related to total low-grade inflammation and in some cases has resulted in insulin resistance and other metabolism related disorders such as diabetes. Quercetin is a polyphenol, which is a derivative of plants, and has been shown in vitro as well as in a few animal models to have several potential anti-inflammatory as well as anticarcinogenic applications. The substance has also been shown to aid in the attenuation of lipid peroxidation, platelet aggregation, and capillary permeability. However, further research is called for to gain a better understanding of how quercetin is able to provide these beneficial effects. This manuscript reviewed quercetin's anti-inflammatory properties in relation to obesity and type 2 diabetes.
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AbstractBackground: Respiratory and faecal aerosols play a suspected role in transmitting the SARS-CoV-2 virus. We performed extensive environmental sampling in a dedicated hospital building for Covid-19 patients in both toilet and non-toilet environments, and analysed the associated environmental factors.
Methods:We collected data of the Covid-19 patients. 107 surface samples, 46 air samples, two exhaled condensate samples, and two expired air samples were collected were collected within and beyond the four three-bed isolation rooms. We reviewed the environmental design of the building and the cleaning routines. We conducted field measurement of airflow and CO2 concentrations.
Findings:The 107 surface samples comprised 37 from toilets, 34 from other surfaces in isolation rooms (ventilated at 30-60 L/s), and 36 from other surfaces outside isolation rooms in the hospital. Four of these samples were positive, namely two ward door-handles, one bathroom toilet-seat cover and one bathroom door-handle; and three were weakly positive, namely one bathroom toilet seat, one bathroom washbasin tap lever and one bathroom ceiling-exhaust louvre. One of the 46 air samples was weakly positive, and this was a corridor air sample. The two exhaled condensate samples and the two expired air samples were negative.Interpretation: The faecal-derived aerosols in patients' toilets contained most of the detected SARS-CoV-2 virus in the hospital, highlighting the importance of surface and hand hygiene for intervention.
This study is conducted to investigate the effects of Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharide (ABP) as a dietary additive on growth performance, plasma parametre profile and the mRNA abundances of IGF-1 and IL-1b in liver, jejunal mucosa and mesentery lymph node. A total of 200 three-hybreded (Landrace )Yorkshire)Duroc) piglets weaned at 28 days of age were allocated into five dietary treatment groups on the basis of body weight and litter of origin in a complete randomised design. Five diets were tested for 35 days, including the basal control diet, the antibiotic treatment diet (basal control diet ' 500 mg/kg flavomycin), and three ABP treatment diets, in which ABP were added to basal control diet with 500, 1000 and 1500 mg/kg, respectively. There was higher average daily feed intake (ADFI) in animals fed with 500 mg/kg ABP when compared with animals in other groups (PB0.05). However, there was no significant deference in ADFI among animals in control group, antibiotics group (500 mg/kg flavomycin), high dose ABP supplementation group (1000 and 1500 mg/kg ABP) (P !0.05). Flavomycin (500 mg/kg) and different dose of ABP supplementation significantly increased average daily gain (PB0.05). Compared with animals in control group, there was low FiG in animals fed with 500 mg/kg flavomycin, 500, 1000 and 1500 mg/kg ABP, respectively (PB0.05). Flavomycin (500 mg/kg) and different dose of ABP supplementation significantly decreased the diarrhoea frequency of weaned piglets (P B0.05). Moreover, there was lower diarrhoea frequency in animals fed with different dose of ABP compared with animals fed 500 mg/kg flavomycin (PB0.05). Supplementation of ABP increased plasma concentrations of hormones, antibodies, and alkaline phosphatase (P B0.05) and IL-1b mRNA abundance in liver, jejunal mucosa and lymph nodes. These findings indicate that ABP is effective in improving growth performance and defending capacity, which suggests that ABP can be used as a diet additive for weanling piglets.
This study was conducted to determine the effects of Agave fourcroydes powder as a dietary supplement on the growth performance, gut morphology, serum concentration of IgG, and the hematology parameters of broiler rabbits. A total of 32 rabbits [New Zealand × Californian] were weaned at 35 days. They were randomly selected for two dietary treatments (eight repetitions per treatment), which consisted of a basal diet and a basal diet supplemented with 1.5% dried-stem powder of A. fourcroydes. On day 60 from the initiation of treatment, gut histomorphology (duodenum and cecum), serum concentration of IgG, and hematology parameters were all measured. The results showed that A. fourcroydes powder supplementation improved (P < 0.05) the ADFI, ADG, and final BW. Correspondingly, this treatment increased (P < 0.05) the muscle and mucosa thickness and height and width of villi. However, duodenum crypts depth was lower (P < 0.05) when rabbits were fed with this natural product, compared with the basal diet treatment. Results also indicated that the A. fourcroydes powder increased (P < 0.05) the serum concentration of IgG but did not change the hematology parameters. This data indicates that A. fourcroydes powder, as a supplement, had beneficial effects on increasing the growth performance and serum concentration of IgG, as well as improving the gut morphology without affecting the hematology parameters in broiler rabbits.
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