Goats (Capra hircus) are one of the oldest livestock domesticated species, and have been used for their milk, meat, hair and skins over much of the world. Detection of selection footprints in genomic regions can provide potential insights for understanding the genetic mechanism of specific phenotypic traits and better guide in animal breeding. The study presented here has generated 192.747G raw data and identified more than 5.03 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 334,151 Indels (insertions and deletions). In addition, we identified 155 and 294 candidate regions harboring 86 and 97 genes based on allele frequency differences in Dazu black goats (DBG) and Inner Mongolia cashmere goats (IMCG), respectively. Populations differentiation reflected by Fst values detected 368 putative selective sweep regions including 164 genes. The top 1% regions of both low heterozygosity and high genetic differentiation contained 239 (135 genes) and 176 (106 genes) candidate regions in DBG and IMCG, respectively. These genes were related to reproductive and productive traits, such as “neurohypophyseal hormone activity” and “adipocytokine signaling pathway”. These findings may be conducive to molecular breeding and the long-term preservation of the valuable genetic resources for this species.
Background:Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic lung disease of unknown etiology, which is histologically characterized by interstitial fibrosis. Acute exacerbations of IPF (AE-IPF) is a rapid and unexplained worsening of respiratory symptoms accompanied by hypoxemia, which is relatively infrequent. Herein, we report a rare, unexpected death of a patient who died of AE-IPF after radical resection of rectal carcinoma. Case presentation: A 57-year-old Chinese man experienced an uneven postoperative recovery process. The patient developed dyspnea, cyanosis, comatose, convulsion 24 hours after radical resection of rectal carcinoma. The mask oxygen inhalation, the oral trachea cannula and the nasal catheter oxygen inhalation were used to improve the patient’s symptoms. The patient died suddenly in general ward after stable condition for 24 hours. Histological and autopsy finding showed increased lung weight, diffuse pulmonary edema, medial thickening of pulmonary arteries, and thickened multifocal alveolar walls by excessive collagen and a few fibroblasts and inflammatory cells. The preoperative chest roentgenogram showed focal and reticular thickening markings in the bilateral middle and lower lobes. Conclusion: A comprehensive analysis identified AE-IPF as the cause of death after eliminating heart failure and known acute lung injury. We highlight that the physicians and forensic pathologists should keep in mind that AE-IPF might occur after non-pulmonary surgery, of which the localized interstitial pulmonary fibrosis might be symptomless and not detectable.
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