A central-local dual governance system is the basic system of environmental governance in China. Co-governance between the central environmental protection department (CEPD) and local environmental protection departments (LEPDs) is an important means to effectively promote China’s carbon emission reduction strategy. Accordingly, this paper discusses their interactive decision-making and investigates how to optimize the strategic relationships between the CEPD, LEPDs, and carbon emission enterprises (CEEs) under the dual governance system by constructing a trilateral evolutionary game model and analyzing evolutionary stability strategies, achieving a numerical experiment simulation of evolution processes and determining the impacts of various factors using MATLAB, leading to several countermeasures and suggestions. The results indicate that the CEPD should rationally use the incentive mechanism for LEPDs, improve the carbon tax system, and further penalize the nepotistic relationship of LEPDs and CEEs. Furthermore, it is essential to reform the current LEPD performance evaluation system and reduce the cost of LEPD positive regulation through subsidies and financial transfer payments. Additionally, the CEE strategy is affected by carbon reduction tax rates, penalties, subsides, and emission reduction costs and revenues. This study reveals the consequences of interactions between CEPD, LEPDs, and CEEs and presents options for the redesign of incentive and regulatory mechanisms to improve carbon emission reduction performance in China.
MIT Press, 2010. 256 pages.
Xiaoqiong YouLearning to Communicate in Science and Engineering explores four related elements of learning and communication in science and engineering: faculty, students, learning contexts, and communication tasks and process. As a newcomer in the field of writing across the curriculum (WAC) and writing in the disciplines (WID), I find that the case studies in each chapter offer detailed description of subjects and participants (students and their communication instructors and subject faculty), as well as theoretical and pedagogical insights. The chapters are grounded in theories and concepts familiar to professionals in the field, such as process pedagogy and multimodality, and they introduce the specific contexts in science and engineering, such as authentic communication genre and process, visual data, and collaborative learning. The book will be useful to researchers and educators in both composition/communication and science and engineering.Mya Poe, Neal Lerner, and Jennifer Craig understand that the case studies are "part of a national trend in engineering and science education toward achieving communication outcomes" (2). Since 2002 this trend has Pedagogy: Critical Approaches to Teaching Literature, Language, Composition, and Culture Volume 15, Number 2
Purpose
National student loans help solve the problem of tuition fees for students from poor families to a great extent. This paper aims to study the behavior of three main players involved in university student loans, namely, universities, banks and students and explores necessary conditions for promoting the steady development of student loans, as well as the sustainability of cooperation and coordination among players, thus promoting the further development of student loans.
Design/methodology/approach
First, from the perspectives of the three related players of banks, students and universities and their behavior, this paper establishes a three-player behavioral evolutionary game model, conducts a sustainable game analysis among the different players, and by replicating the dynamic equations with the Jacobian matrix solve the evolutionarily stable strategy. Finally, applying MATLAB tools, a sensitivity analysis of relevant impacting factors is carried out to explore the influencing mechanism of the sustainable development of student loans.
Findings
To achieve the mechanism of mutual coordination and cooperation between participants, banks need to be guided to actively issue student loans and conduct strict loan review. College students should be encouraged to establish good credit and strengthen penalties should be implemented for violations of regulations. Universities should be encouraged to help banks reduce information asymmetry, promote financial knowledge and student integrity education and promote the sustainable development of national student loans.
Originality/value
This research will help scholars better understand the interaction mechanism among universities, banks and students, and promote the sustainable development of national student loans.
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