Patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention showed significant psychological symptoms improvement when assigned to a brief on-on-one, telephone-adapted mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention.

Background: Yixinshu Capsules (YXSC) are widely used in Chinese medicine for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, the therapeutic mechanisms of action are not well understood. Method: In this study, a metabonomic approach based on integrated UPLC-Q/TOF-MS technique and MALDI-MS was utilized to explore potential metabolic biomarkers that may help increase the understanding of heart failure (HF) and in order to assess the potential mechanisms of YXSC against HF. Plasma metabolic profiles were analyzed by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS with complementary hydrophilic interaction chromatography and reversed-phase liquid chromatography. Moreover, time-course analysis at the 2nd, 4th, and 10th week after permanent occlusion was conducted. In an effort to identify a more reliable potential metabolic marker, common metabolic markers of the 2nd, 4th, and 10th week were selected through multivariate data analysis. Furthermore, MALDI-MS was applied to identify metabolic biomarkers in the blood at apoptotic positions of heart tissues. Results: The results showed that HF appeared at the fourth week after permanent occlusion based on echocardiographic assessment. Clear separations were observed between the sham and model group by loading plots of orthogonal projection to latent structure discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA) at different time points after permanent occlusion. Potential markers of interest were extracted from the combining S-plots, variable importance for the projections values (VIP > 1), and t-test (p < 0.05). Twenty-one common metabolic markers over the course of the development and progression of HF after permanent occlusion were identified. These were determined to be mainly related to disturbances in fatty acids, phosphatidylcholine, bile acids, amino acid metabolism, and pyruvate metabolism. Of the metabolic markers, 16 metabolites such as palmitoleic acid, arachidonic acid, and lactic acid showed obvious changes (p < 0.05) and a tendency for returning to baseline values in YXSC-treated HF rats at the 10th week. Moreover, four biomarkers, including palmitoleic acid, palmitic acid, arachidonic, acid and lactic acid, were further validated at the apoptotic position of heart tissue using MALDI-MS, consistent to the variation trends in the plasma. Conclusions: Taken in concert, our proposed strategy may contribute to the understanding of the complex pathogenesis of ischemia-induced HF and the potential mechanism of YXSC.

BackgroundDietary salt restriction is recommended by many guidelines for patients with heart failure (HF). Quality of life (QoL) is an important end point of this intervention. However, the literature is still limited regarding the effect of dietary salt restriction on QoL in patients with HF.AimsWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to evaluate the effect of dietary sodium restriction on QoL in patients with HF.MethodsWe searched PubMed (MEDLINE), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), EMBASE, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health from the establishment of each database to December 20, 2020. We included randomized controlled trials with sodium restriction as an intervention. The primary outcome was QoL, and the secondary outcomes were mortality, readmission, and fatigue. We obtained the full text of potentially relevant trials, extracted data from the included trials, assessed their risk of bias, and performed a meta-analysis.ResultsWe included 10 trials (1011 participants with HF) with 7 days to 83 months of follow-up. Dietary sodium restriction did not improve QoL over the long term (>30 days) (P = .61). The pooled effects showed that this intervention might increase mortality risk (P < .00001). It did not reduce the readmission rate within the short term (≤30 days) (P = .78) but increased the readmission rate over the long term (P = .0003).ConclusionOur study did not show that interventions to restrict dietary sodium had a positive effect on patients with HF in terms of QoL, mortality, or readmission.

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