Reducing energy consumption and creating a comfortable thermal indoor environment in rural residential buildings can play a key role in fighting global warming in China. As a result of economic development, rural residents are building new houses and modernizing existing buildings. This paper investigated and analyzed a typical rural residential building in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in Northwest China through field measurements and numerical simulation. The results showed that making full use of solar energy resources is an important way to improve the indoor temperature. Reasonable building layout and good thermal performance of the building envelope can reduce wind velocities and convective heat loss. Insulation materials and double-glazed windows should be used to reduce energy loss in new buildings, although it is an evolution process in creating thermally efficient buildings in rural China. This research provides a reference for the design and construction of rural residential buildings in Northwest China and similar areas for addressing energy poverty.
How to create a healthy and comfortable indoor environment without causing a substantial increase in energy consumption has become a strategic problem that the development of all countries must face and solve. According to the climatic conditions of Qinba Mountains in China, combined with the characteristics of local rural residential buildings and residents’ living habits, the field survey and theoretical analysis were used to study the thermal environment status and the heating energy consumption condition of local rural residential buildings. The thermal design method of walls for the local rural energy-saving buildings based on the indoor uniform radiation field was explored by using the outdoor comprehensive temperature function expressed by the fourth-order harmonic Fourier series as the boundary condition of the wall thermal analysis. ANSYS CFX was adopted to study the suitability of the energy-saving wall structure designed by the above method. The results show that the indoor thermal environment of local rural residential buildings in winter is not ideal and the heating energy consumption is high, but this area has the geographical advantage to develop solar energy buildings. It is proposed that the indoor thermal comfort temperature of local rural residential buildings in winter should not be lower than 14°C. When the internal surface temperature of the external walls in different orientations are equally based on the design principle of uniform radiation field, the heat transfer coefficient of the east wall, the west wall, and the north wall of the local rural residential buildings is 1.13 times, 1.06 times, and 1.14 times of the south wall heat transfer coefficient, respectively. The energy-saving structural wall with KPI porous brick as the main material and the south wall heat transfer coefficient of 0.9 W/(m2·K) is the most suitable energy-saving wall for local rural residential buildings.
Indoor thermal conditions and structure features of the construction of rural dwellings in Northwest China were investigated and tested, the results show that the rural building duo to lack of scientific and systematic thermal design, the thermal properties of building envelope structure is poor, the indoor thermal environment in winter is not ideal, and the residents of thermal comfort satisfaction is low. According to the local climatic conditions and residential characteristics, by using Design Builder software to analyze the influence of enclosure structure on each function room temperature of under the indoor partition function control mode, to obtain the best practice of enclosure structure and thermal parameters, and comparative analysis is made of the indoor temperature changes by adopting design strategies before and after. The results show that the average indoor temperature of the south room is increased by 3.9 °C and the temperature fluctuation is reduced by 0.7 °C after adopting the suitable design technique of enclosure structure.; meantime, the average indoor temperature of the south room is increased by 4.2 °C and the temperature fluctuation is reduced by 2.9 °C after adopting the suitable design technique of enclosure structure, In the natural condition of each function room indoor thermal environment quality can reach the demand of residents for indoor thermal comfort standards, the research will provide a useful exploration for the design of rural solar energy buildings in Northwest China or other similar areas.
The research and application of new wall materials have been attracting increasing attention owing to the continuous promotion of sustainable development in the building industry. An alkali-activated slag ceramsite compound insulation block (AASCCIB) is used as the research object. Based on the finite element method, the effects of different numbers of hole rows and hole ratios on the thermal and mechanical performances of AASCCIBs are analyzed using ANSYS CFX. On this basis, the AASCCIB with the optimal comprehensive performance is determined by a multi-objective optimization analysis. Finally, the improvement effect of the AASCCIB wall on the indoor thermal environment relative to an ordinary block (OB) wall is quantitatively analyzed using ANSYS CFX. The results show that the von Mises equivalent stress and heat transfer coefficient of the AASCCIB decrease with the increase in the hole ratio when the hole shape and number of hole rows are constant. has the optimal comprehensive performance among six AASCCIBs, with the heat transfer coefficient and average von Mises equivalent stress of 0.446 W/(m2∙K) and 9.52 MPa, respectively. Compared with the indoor lowest and average temperatures of the building with the OB wall, those of the building with the AASCCIB wall increased by at least 1.39 and 0.82 °C on the winter solstice, respectively. The indoor temperature difference decreased by at least 0.83 °C. In addition, the indoor highest temperature, average temperature, and temperature difference decreased by at least 1.75, 0.79, and 1.89 °C on the summer solstice, respectively.
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