Fabric phase sorptive extraction (FPSE) can directly extract the target analytes and simultaneously determine many similar substances from complicated sample matrices.
Since the outbreak of COVID-19, online teaching has been widely practiced. Ensuring the quality and efficiency of online teaching has become an important research topic. Teachers’ views of online teaching directly affect the quality of instruction. The study aimed to understand whether there are differences in the basic perceptions of online teaching among teachers in different disciplines. Through a web-based questionnaire, the researchers surveyed 198 teachers from different disciplines about their perceptions of online teaching. The research method was a convergent mixed-method design. SPSS 22.0 was used to analyze quantitative data, and qualitative data were analyzed using NVivo 11. The results showed significant differences in the attitudes of teachers to adopt online teaching as the norm in different disciplines. Social science teachers preferred online education not to be the norm, while natural science teachers preferred online education to be the norm. In addition, there was little difference in the perceptions of online teaching among teachers of different disciplines. Most of them pointed out the problem of interactive communication in online teaching and gave suggestions about it. Online teaching has value, but there is still much room for improvement. It is necessary to strengthen the construction of facilities for online education, consider the characteristics of disciplines, and train teachers in teaching methods, learning psychology, and technology.
Collaborative problem-solving is a crucial skill to be developed in education. With the development of information technology, collaborative problem-solving in online environments has received increasing attention in recent years. There has been some foundation of research on computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) and collaborative problem-solving (CPS). They both have a focus, but there is a trend to combine them. Further understanding of the current state of research on online collaborative problem-solving is much needed. This study reviews 528 relevant papers from the last decade. The researchers summarized the current state of research and hotspots in online collaborative problem-solving based on the visual analysis of CiteSpace. It was found that the number of papers on online collaborative problem-solving is on the rise, with CPS and CSCL as the main research content and ‘feature extraction’, ‘task analysis’, and ‘computation modeling’ as the hot research topics in the past three years. The current research power on CPS and CSCL is mainly distributed in China and the United States, but the inter-institutional collaboration is little. Based on the research results, this paper proposes four future directions to improve the research in online collaborative problem-solving: identity awareness in online collaborative problem-solving, interdisciplinary online collaborative problem-solving, online collaborative problem-solving for teachers, and online collaborative problem-solving and ICT skills.
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