Eleven new triterpenoid saponins, ardisianosides A (1), B (2), C (4), D (5), E (6), F (7), G (15), H (16), I (17), J (18), and K (19), together with 10 known saponins, were isolated from the whole plants of Ardisia japonica. The structures of the new saponins were established on the basis of extensive 1D and 2D NMR and MS studies coupled with chemical degradations. The cytotoxic activities of saponins 1-21 are reported against three human cancer cell lines, namely, HL-60 myeloid leukemia, KATO-III stomach adenocarcinoma, and A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells.
Rhodiola rosea L. (Crassulaceae), also known as golden root or rose root, is a perennial herbaceous plant widely distributed at high altitudes in the arctic and mountainous regions throughout Europe and Asia. The roots of R. rosea are traditionally used as a tonic and adaptpgen in Russia, and also as a hemostatic in Tibetan folk medicine. Various pharmacological effects of the roots of R. rosea have been reported, such as improvement of the memory and learning abilities, anti-stress and anticancer effects, etc.1,2) Previous chemical investigation on R. rosea has demonstrated the occurrence of over thirty compounds, belonging to the phenylethanoids, phenylpropanoides, flavonoids, phenolic acids, cyanoglycosides, monoterpenoids, and triterpenes. [1][2][3][4][5] Although several monoterpenoids have been reported in other Rhodiola species, 6,7) only one monoterpenoid, rosiridol and its glucoside, rosiridin have been isolated from R. rosea. 3,8) Our continuing phytochemical investigations on Chinese medicinal plants [9][10][11][12] have resulted in the isolation of five new monoterpene glycosides, rhodiolosides A-E (1-5) from the roots of R. rosea. This paper deals with the isolation and structure elucidation of these new compounds. Results and DiscussionThe air-dried roots of R. rosea were extracted with 80% aqueous EtOH. The extract was concentrated, suspended in H 2 O and then partitioned successively with CHCl 3 , EtOAc and n-BuOH. The n-BuOH-soluble fraction was evaporated under reduced pressure and fractionated using silica gel and ODS columns. Further purification by repeated reversedphase HPLC afforded five new monoterpene glycosides, rhodiolosides A-E (1-5).Rhodioloside A (1) was isolated as a colorless viscous oil. The molecular formula was established as C 16 H 28 O 8 by highresolution (HR)-FAB-MS. On acidic hydrolysis, 1 afforded D-glucose, which was identified by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) analysis of its trimethylsilyl thiazolidine derivative. 13 The
Dryopteris crassirhizoma NAKAI (Dryopteridaceae) is distributed mainly in the northeast of China, which rhizomes (common name: Dong-Bei-Guan-Zhong) are widely used as a traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of intestinal worms, fever caused by influenza and vomiting of blood. 1)Phloroglucinol derivatives and flavonoid glycosides have been reported from the rhizomes of D. crassirhizoma, 2,3) and have demonstrated antibacterial, antitumor-promoting, antioxidant and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitory activities.4-7) As a part of our ongoing investigation on medicinal plants in the northeast of China, we carried out a phytochemical investigation on the rhizomes of D. crassirhizoma, which resulted in the isolation of a new phenolic glycoside, dryopteroside (1), together with five known compounds. In this paper, we report the isolation and structural determination of the new compound on the basis of chemical and various spectroscopic analyses.The air-dried rhizomes of D. crassirhizoma were extracted with MeOH and the extract was partitioned with EtOAc and H 2 O. The H 2 O layer was passed through a Diaion HP-20 column, and washed with H 2 O, 40% MeOH and MeOH. The 40% MeOH eluate fraction was separated by normal-phase and reversed-phase (RP) silica gel column chromatography (CC), and purified by repeated RP-HPLC to afford compounds 1-6. The known compounds 2-6 were identified as (5) 10) and (ϩ)-catechin 6-C-b-D-glucopyranoside (6) 11) by comparison of their spectral data with the reported values. The known compounds 2-6 were first reported from the genus Dryopteris.Dryopteroside (1)
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