The solubility of vanillic acid in eight pure solvents, including ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, acetone, methyl acetate, water, and binary mixtures of water + ethanol have been measured at (293.15 to 323.15) K and atmospheric pressure by using a gravimetric method. The experimental solubility in the pure solvents was correlated by the modified Apelblat equation, van't Hoff equation, λh equation, nonrandom two-liquid (NRTL) equation, universal quasichemical (UNIQUAC) equation, and Wilson equation. The solubility in the binary mixed solvents was correlated by the modified Apelblat equation and the Jouyban−Acree equation. The correlated values based on all the selected equations showed good agreement with the experimental values, and the correlated data of the modified Apelblat equation show the best agreement with the experimental data.
Graphene-based nanomaterials, including graphene oxides (GO), reduced graphene oxides (rGO), etc. play key roles in the nanozyme field. GO and rGO carrying various oxygen-containing functional groups, including epoxy, hydroxyl, ether,...
Herein, we show that the synergistic effect between MoS2 and TiO2 enhances the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance of their hybrids, which is tunable via interface engineering. Among several interfaces, MoS2/TiO2–H complexes exhibit the best HER activity. The observed Tafel slope of 66.9 mV/dec is well in range of previous literature reports, suggesting a Volmer–Heyrovsky mechanism. Enhanced activities were attributed to abundant active sites at the interfaces, as well as improved charge transfer efficiency. Our results emphasize the roles that interfaces play in enhancing the HER activities of MoS2-based heterogeneous catalysts.
Although MoS2 based heterostructures have drawn increased attention, the van der Waals forces within MoS2 layers make it difficult for the layers to form strong chemical coupled interfaces with other materials. In this paper, we demonstrate the successful strong chemical attachment of MoS2 on TiO2 nanobelts after appropriate surface modifications. The etch-created dangling bonds on TiO2 surfaces facilitate the formation of a steady chemically bonded MoS2/TiO2 interface. With the aid of high resolution transmission electron microscope measurements, the in-plane structure registry of MoS2/TiO2 is unveiled at the atomic scale, which shows that MoS2[1-10] grows along the direction of TiO2[001] and MoS2[110] parallel to TiO2[100] with every six units of MoS2 superimposed on five units of TiO2. Electronically, type II band alignments are realized for all surface treatments. Moreover, the band offsets are delicately correlated to the surface states, which plays a significant role in their photocatalytic performance.
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