SUMMARY:Our aim was to better understand and improve the accuracy of the preoperative diagnosis of intraspinal MM by a combined analysis of MR imaging and pathologic findings. All 5 patients had undergone unenhanced and contrast-enhanced MR imaging examinations. All tumor samples had immunohistochemical reactions to HMB-45, vimentin, S-100, EMA, and Leu-7 antibodies. All 5 cases were located in the intradural extramedullary compartment. Two cases had multifocal lesions, and 3 cases were solitary. Two cases showed homogeneously strong enhancement, and 3 cases showed moderate enhancement on contrast-enhanced T1WI. The tumor cells had positive reactions to HMB-45, vimentin, and S-100 antibodies. MR imaging plays an important role in the detection and diagnosis of intraspinal MM. Final diagnosis should be based on histopathology and IHC examinations.ABBREVIATIONS: EMA ϭ epithelial membrane antigen; HMB-45 ϭ human melanoma black-45; IHC ϭ immunohistochemistry; MM ϭ meningeal melanocytoma P rimary melanocytic neoplasms of the CNS are lesions arising from melanocytes of the leptomeninges. Melanocytes are melanin-producing cells that derive from the neural crest during embryogenesis and then migrate to the skin, mucous membranes, and CNS.
Background
Campylobacter rectus
is one of the anaerobic bacteria in the mouth.
Case Presentation
We report the case of a 73-year-old man admitted for lung abscess caused by
Campylobacter rectus
with unique manifestations under electronic bronchoscopy, and the pathogen is first reported to be confirmed by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) through testing bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.
Conclusion
Sometimes,
Campylobacter rectus
can cause infection outside the mouth such as lung abscess. Most patients have good outcomes.
The pineal parenchymal tumors of intermediate differentiation (PPTIDs) are extremely rare tumor entities. They exhibit low-risk (grade II) and high-risk (grade III) malignancies, which may lead to different therapies and prognosis. However, the histological grading criteria remains elusive, and novel biomarkers may be helpful to differentiate the grade of PPTIDs. Immunohistochemical staining for CD24, PRAME, POU4F2, and HOXD13, and their clinicopathologic analyses were performed in pineal parenchymal tumors and other tumors in the pineal region. CD24 and PRAME were expressed in 9/11 (81.8%) and 8/11(72.7%) cases of PPTIDs grade III, compared with 6/18 (33.3%) and 5/18(27.8%) cases of PPTIDs grade II. The levels of CD24 and PRAME were significantly higher in PPTIDs grade III than grade II. However, there were no differences of HOXD13 and POU4F2 expression levels in PPTIDs grade II and grade III. Interestingly, high expression of CD24 and PRAME were prevalently found in high-grade tumors of the central nervous system. In addition, PPTIDs patients with high expression levels of CD24 and PRAME exhibited a significant shorter survival time. The results of PPTIDs grading by CD24 and PRAME were mostly consistent with WHO criteria, except for two cases. According to the prognostic information of patients, we found that the combination of CD24 and PRAME expression for grading PPTIDs might be more valuable than WHO criteria only. CD24 and PRAME are novel markers for grading and prognostic evaluation of PPTIDs that may be helpful to determine the therapeutic decision for PPTIDs patients.
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