Background: Telephone-cardiopulmonary resuscitation (T-CPR) has been proven to systematically improve bystander CPR implementation and thus improve the survival rate of outof-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients on a large scale. However, China has a lower proportion of cities that provide T-CPR than other countries. To promote the implementation of T-CPR in China, our study is based on managerial perspectives (Health Bureau, Fist-aid Center and other management personnel) who will play a key role in carrying out TCPR, and through a qualitative study to explore the factors affecting the providing of TCPR, especially finding out the possible obstacles, so as to promote the implementation of TCPR and play a role in promoting human health. Methods:The semi-structured interview was conducted with managers by phenomenological research method in the qualitative study, and the data was sorted out by Nvivo 10.0 qualitative analysis software, and the data was analyzed by Colaizzi analysis to extract the theme. Results: The influencing factors of T-CPR in China were mainly divided into six dimensions: bystander factors, dispatcher factors, dispatching system factors, legal factors, guiding factors and financial factors.Conclusion: It is urgent to promote the implementation of T-CPR in China. We can promote it by strengthening the training of bystanders in CPR knowledge and skills, enhancing the awareness of first aid in the whole society, developing T-CPR guidance process suitable for Chines national conditions, building an intelligent pre-hospital emergency system, promoting the legislation of first aid exemption, and providing financial support from various channels.
A plethora of environmental risk factors has been persistently implicated in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), including metal/metalloids. This study aimed to examine potential associations between cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) metal/metalloids and ALS risks. CSF concentrations of copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), manganese (Mn), and iron (Fe) in ALS (spinal- and bulbar-onset) patients and controls were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results from this study revealed marked differences between control, spinal-onset, and bulbar-onset groups. We report that Cu levels were lower in the ALS and spinal-onset groups compared to the control group. Ni level were higher in the spinal-onset group compared to the control and bulbar-onset groups. In addition, associations between CSF metal/metalloid levels with disease severity, sex, and serum triglycerides were also examined to broach the potential relevance of neurotoxic metal/metalloids in ALS disease heterogeneity.
Abstract:Dance is a kind of art that accompanies human origin and development. The main manifestation of human body movements is the presentation of characters, stories, emotions, and ideas to the audience. Human body movement is the material carrier of dance, together with meaning constitute dance language. This paper uses semiotic methods to further decompose "meaning" into "objects and explanations" based on the analysis method of "action-meaning" as the logical starting point, forming a ternary analysis of "actions, objects, and explanations." structure. This essay expounds the composition of dance body language and the principles of dynamic development.
Intersubjectivity is an important concept highlighted in the 20th century Western philosophy" [Song Yaping. Intersubjectivity [J], Marxist Philosophy Research, 2008 (4)]. Its research methods apply to various fields of humanities such as anthropology, history, sociology, and arts. This article summarizes the intersubjectivity theory by summarizing its pluralism from the perspective of the history of western philosophy, the equal relationship between the subject and the subject, the subject and the object, and the uncertainty between the signifier and the signified. The three main point of relationships. It is conducive to the understanding of its transformative perspective and theoretical paradigm, and is more conducive to the use of reference in literature, arts and other fields.
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