BackgroundMulberry (Morus alba) fruits of the woody mulberry tree (family: Moraceae Morus) is a type of mulberry fruit grown in the southern Xinjiang region,which polysaccharides have antioxidant and liver protective effects.This article further preliminary study on the protective effects of mulberry polysaccharide (MP) on liver.MethodsA detection kit was used to assess serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), liver malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and other indicators. Liver tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and observed under a microscope. The entire endogenous metabolite profiling was acquired via metabolomics strategy using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to assess the underlying protective mechanisms of MPs. ResultsResults indicated that MPs exerted a hepatoprotective effect on acute liver injury by decreasing serum ALT and AST levels, hepatic MDA, and restored hepatic SOD glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities. A total of 33 possible endogenous metabolites associated with lipid, glucose, and energy metabolism including amino acids, sugars, and fatty acids, were found.ConclusionsThe results of the present study provide a reference for elucidating the protective mechanisms of MPs against acute liver injury.
Background Several recent studies have well demonstrated that the chemotherapy or near-infrared-II (NIR-II) photothermal therapy (PTT) can induce immunogenic cell death (ICD). However, single treatment based on the independent chemotherapy or PTT to induce ICD may require high dose of drug, high laser power, or high temperature, which limits their clinical application. We hypothesize that combination of chemotherapy and NIR-II PTT possesses great promise to overcome respective limitations. This manuscript describes the development of polyethylene glycol (PEG) modified hollow CuxS nanoparticles (NPs) for synergistic chemo-photothermal therapy to effectively promote ICD.Results Hollow structure CuxS-PEG NPs were prepared under mild condition by using Cu2O NPs as sacrificial templates. CuxS loaded with doxorubicin (Dox) as NDDSs were characterized for hydrate particle size and surface charge. The morphology, photothermal effect, drug loading/releasing abilities, synergistic chemo-photothermal therapy, and ICD from synergistic therapy of CuxS-PEG NPs have been investigated. The in vitro outcomes of ICD and chemo-photothermal therapy were assessed in EMT-6 cells. In vivo therapeutic studies and immunoreaction were performed in EMT-6 bearing mice where therapeutic outcomes were assessed by tumor volume, immunohistochemical staining, and expression of CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. The CuxS-PEG NPs with hollow structure show high drug loading capacity (~255 μg Dox per mg of CuxS NPs) and stimuli-responsive drug release triggered by NIR-II laser irradiation. The chemo-photothermal strategy more effectively induces ICD than that of the single treatment, accompanying with the release of adenosine triphosphate, pre-apoptotic calreticulin, and high mobility group box-1. Finally, the synergistic chemo-photothermal therapy based on the Dox/CuxS-PEG NPs promotes CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocytes infiltration into tumors and achieves ~98.5% tumor elimination.Conclusion Therefore, our study emphasizes that the great potentials of CuxS-PEG NPs can be used as NIR-II light-responsive NDDSs for the applications of biomedicine and immunotherapy.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.