This paper deals with the experimental investigation for confirmation of rotor displacement of the ultrasonic stepping motor having an angular displacement self-correction function. The experiment focused on the relationship between the rotor's vibration displacement and its staying position for the self-correction. The result proved that the rotor always stays at the position where the displacement is smallest by cutting a slit into the rotor. Moreover, it has also been found that the stable self-correction of rotor angular displacement depends upon both the rotor driving frequency and rotor clamping force.
This paper deals with experimental investigation of a self-oscillated open-loop driving motor using a slitted rotor and a nonaxisymmetric ((2,1)) vibration mode thin annular disk which has four projection teeth on its inner circumference. This motor is suitable for application to watches because it can be constructed in a thin configuration and the slitted rotor enables the self-correction of angular displacement. In the experiment, two types of self-oscillation circuits were investigated for suitable driving. The results were that the self-oscillated driving motor could be achieved by using an operational amplifier and some inverter IC elements. That is, the self-correction function of the angular displacement of a stepping motor was confirmed in the case of the nonaxisymmetric-mode disk motor.
Current studies of chromium adsorption kinetics at the solid–liquid interface often neglect the influence of coexisting ions in complex wastewaters. Thus, it is critical to explore the hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) adsorption kinetics of solid-phase brucite (Mg(OH)2) in liquid-phase wastewater containing coexisting aluminum ions (Al(III)). This paper reveals that the presence of Al(III) significantly enhanced the Cr(VI) adsorption efficiency onto Mg(OH)2, with a peak of up to 91% compared to 5% for the absence of Al(III). The main reason for this enhancement was the initial surface ternary complexation of Mg(OH)2 and the cationic (Al(III)) isomorphic substitution to form Mg(II)-Al(III) layered double hydroxides (LDH), which also indicates a solid-phase transition on the surface of Mg(OH)2, which led to electrostatic adsorption in the gallery and made Cr(VI) immobilized and not readily released. Further calculation and analysis of the adsorption energy confirmed the mechanism of Cr(VI) adsorption. It was also concluded that Cr(VI) migration in Mg(OH)2-containing minerals was affected by the phase transformation of solids in the presence of Al(III). Hence, this study not only reveals the adsorption mechanism during the treatment of composite pollutant wastewater but also provides the methodological reference for brucite synergistic adsorption to remove heavy metal ions and purify and treat complex polluted wastewater.
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