This paper describes two recently established regional networks in workplace health promotion, and examines their history, current status, strategies and models of good practices. This is followed by an overall assessment of the barriers and keys to the success of workplace health pro-motion and the presentation of an evaluation framework for assessing workplace health. The paper concludes by pointing to future challenges and priority issues and the need to foster health-promoting workplace networks at various levels in order to facilitate future development.

A novel design for an all-fiber bandpass filter based on a multimode interference reimaging phenomenon is presented. The filter has achieved low insertion loss with adequate bandwidth and isolation for coarse wavelength-division multiplexing. The filter can easily be made with any central wavelength that is compatible with the single-mode fiber used for its construction. The measured filter performance matches the theoretical predictions well. The filter can have broad applications in fiber-optic telecommunications, spectroscopy, and sensing.

The author has successfully demonstrated a novel all-fiber wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) isolation filter with more than 20 equally spaced loss peaks within a 60-nm band and a WDM light source with an output of 21 equally spaced wavelengths within 30% amplitude variation.

We propose a novel beam-steering device based on a slow-light waveguide amplifier. In this paper, we present the idea of this steering technique and show its modeling characteristics. Giant steering of the radiation beam is obtained by tuning the wavelength of input light, which is coupled into the Bragg reflector waveguide. A tunable deflection-angle range can be over 40 degrees. High beam coherency and flat intensity distribution enable us to obtain an ultra-large number of resolution-points over 1,000 for few-millimeter long devices.

The mean-free-path (I) of gold atoms is -3 x lo4 mm under the conditions used for gold evaporation. The mean free path of gold was estimated using the expression: 1 = (1/,/2o)kT/P; here u is the collision section (-lo-'' m'). and P is the pressure H. Han, L. E. Weiss, M. L. Reed, J. Microelectromech. Syst. 1992, I , 37. torr).Fig. 4. SEM micrographs of complex microstructures etched in silicon, using shadow-sputtered patterns of Au as resists. (A) V-shaped microtrenches in Si(100) formed by anisotropic etching for -15 min at 65 "C. These substrates were then used for shadowed evaporation of Au (500 A thick Au, primed with 50 A thick Ti), and further etching of silicon. (B) Anisotropic etching in an aqueous KOHi2-propanol solution for -10 min at 65 "C (see Fig. 1C). (C) Anisotropic etching in an aqueous KOHi2-propanol solution for -6 min at 65 "C (see Fig. 1D). (D) Isotropic etching for -0.5 min at room temperature (see Fig. 1B). (E) Isotropic etching for -3 min at room temperature (undercutting has removed the gold mask). After Si etching the gold masks were removed by immersing the samples in aqua regia for -1 m. 0 VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, 0-69469 Weinheim, 1996 0935-9648/96/090!

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to capture factors behind professional views of indicator usefulness as a common structure for assessing healthcare performance and their important characteristics to design limited key performance indicators (PIs) for holistic hospital management. Design/methodology/approach - Two surveys were conducted using self-administered questionnaires, in which hospital manager/staff respondents were asked to rate the 52 PIs' usefulness. In total, 228 manager and 894 staff responses were collected. Findings - Eight factors were elicited from manager and staff responses as performance measures with 72 percent cumulative variance accounted for. Hospital managers and staff showed similar performance measure perceptions: high-utility acknowledgment on safety, operational efficiency and patient/employee satisfaction but relatively low-employee development concerns. Manager indicator usefulness perceptions were rather homogeneous and significantly higher than staff for almost all performance measures. Practical implications - Homogeneous manager views mean that a single key PI set for hospital management may be established regardless of hospital attributes. The following aspects may be measures that should be managed in a healthcare organization based on their key PIs: patient/employee safety, operational efficiency, financial effectiveness and patient/employee satisfaction. Originality/value - This is a pilot study on hospital management PIs in Japan. The eight-dimensional factor structure and findings about healthcare provider perceptions may be useful for healthcare management.

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A high-resolution beam steering technique was proposed with a slow-light Bragg reflector waveguide amplifier. By tuning the wavelength of the propagating slow-light mode, a giant change in a deflection angle is predicted and high-resolution beam steering is prospective. In this paper, the first experimental demonstration of the beam steering technique is presented. We demonstrated a continuous beam steering of over 30°. The deflection angles are in good agreement with simulation results. By injecting larger current, the effective radiation window length is increased and sharp divergence angle is obtained, exhibiting a potential in getting a large number of resolution points.