Introduction: Cesarean section is a common operation in obstetrics, and the incidence of insufficient breast milk is high in parturients undergoing cesarean section. Studies have shown that acupuncture or massage at related acupoints can promote the secretion and excretion of milk. These external treatments are quick, safe, and effective. On the other hand, they can avoid the potential risk of changes in milk composition that may be caused by the use of drugs. Pestle needle therapy is a new branch of traditional acupuncture, and pestle needle operation does not need to break the skin. The pestle needle has good clinical efficacy and safety in cervical spondylosis, insomnia, fatigue, depression, and so on, but few studies have focused on the effect of pestle acupuncture for patients with lactation insufficiency after cesarean section. This study aims to determine whether pestle needle therapy is effective and safe in the treatment of postpartum milk deficiency. Methods: This is a 2 parallel-group, assessor-blinded, randomized controlled trial.128 patients with lactation insufficient after cesarean section will be recruited and randomly divided into control group and the pestle needle group in a 1:1 ratio. The control group will receive routine nursing care of milk deficiency. In the pestle needle group, pestle needles will be used to operate on the acupoints such as bilateral Shao ze (S11), bilateral Ru gen (ST18), Dan zhong (DU14), 8 array acupoints of Shen dao (DU11) and so on. It will be operated once a day for 5 days. The primary outcomes are milk yield, degree of breastfilling, degree of milk siltation and other milk deficiency symptom, and serum prolactin. Secondary outcomes include syndrome of traditional Chinese medicine, such as facial expression, fatigue, loss of appetite, and so on. Discussion: Pestle needle therapy based on acupoint and meridian theory may increase milk secretion and excretion, which will provide a new intervention means to promote breastfeeding and have great significance to guide clinical treatment. Trial registration number: ChiCTR2000039752.
Background The effects of maternal antenatal corticosteroid (ACS) treatment on the short-term outcome of late preterm infants are unclear.Methods This is a retrospective cohort study. Data of pregnant women who gave birth between 34 (0/7) to 36 (6/7) weeks gestation from January 2014 to June 2019 were collected. Nine short-term outcomes of preterm infants from mothers who received ACS treatment were compared to preterm infants from mothers who did not receive ACS treatment.Results The results were as follows: (1) ACS administration to pregnant women at high risk for giving birth between 34 (0/7) to 36 (6/7) weeks pregnancy, can decrease the cost and inpatient time of their infants; (2) lack of maternal ACS treatment is an independent risk factor for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome; (3) use of maternal ACS does not increase the risk of neonatal pneumonia, neonatal hypoglycemia, neonatal sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis of newborns, neonatal intracranial hemorrhage, and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in preterm infants.Conclusions Use of ACS for pregnant women at risk for giving birth between 34 (0/7) to 36 (6/7) weeks pregnancy has more advantage than disadvantage. Our study provides evidence-based medicine for clinicians to make ACS treatment choices for pregnant women with risk of giving birth between 34 (0/7) to 36(6/7) weeks gestation.
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