Multilayer NiO@Co3O4 hollow spheres are modified by graphene quantum dots and exhibit superior performances for lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors.
Silica nanotubes with mesoporous walls of 30 nm thickness were used as morphology templates, as well as the silicon source, to produce various metal silicate nanotubes with nanostructured walls, including magnesium silicate, copper silicate, nickel silicate, cobalt silicate and manganese silicate. These silicate materials retained the tubular structure of the templates, which resulted in large surface areas as high as 649 m 2 g À1 , large total volumes as high as 1.433 cm 3 g À1 and facile mass transportation on their surfaces. These features enabled them to be superb adsorbents for adsorption in water; in particular, magnesium silicates showed maximum adsorption capabilities of 929 mg g À1 for uranyl ions and 424 mg g À1 for lead ions, respectively. In practical usage, magnesium silicates could effectively adsorb uranium directly from the salt lake water, with a practical adsorption capacity of 0.23 mg g À1 , and was able to enrich the uranium concentration by 8 times.
Abstract. The sea surface salinity (SSS) measured from space by the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission has recently been revisited by the European Space Agency first campaign reprocessing. We show that, with respect to the previous version, biases close to land and ice greatly decrease. The accuracy of SMOS SSS averaged over 10 days, 100 × 100 km 2 in the open ocean and estimated by comparison to ARGO (Array for Real-Time Geostrophic Oceanography) SSS is on the order of 0.3-0.4 in tropical and subtropical regions and 0.5 in a cold region. The averaged negative SSS bias (−0.1) observed in the tropical Pacific Ocean between 5 • N and 15 • N, relatively to other regions, is suppressed when SMOS observations concomitant with rain events, as detected from SSM/Is (Special Sensor Microwave Imager) rain rates, are removed from the SMOS-ARGO comparisons. The SMOS freshening is linearly correlated to SSM/Is rain rate with a slope estimated to −0.14 mm −1 h, after correction for rain atmospheric contribution. This tendency is the signature of the temporal SSS variability between the time of SMOS and ARGO measurements linked to rain variability and of the vertical salinity stratification between the first centimeter of the sea surface layer sampled by SMOS and the 5 m depth sampled by ARGO. However, given that the whole set of collocations includes situations with ARGO measurements concomitant with rain events collocated with SMOS measurements under no rain, the mean −0.1 bias and the negative skewness of the statistical distribution of SMOS minus ARGO SSS difference are very likely the mean signature of the vertical salinity stratification. In the future, the analysis of ongoing in situ salinity measurements in the top 50 cm of the sea surface and of Aquarius satellite SSS are expected to provide complementary information about the sea surface salinity stratification.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.