Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a severe relapsing inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The association between fatty acids (FAs) and IBD is controversial and it remains unclear whether there is a causal relationship between them. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was province/state for affiliations from the same country performed to clarify the causality. Eligible single nucleotide polymorphisms were selected as instrumental variables from six Genome-wide association studies, involving 114,999 individuals in UK Biobank. The summary-level data on IBD, including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), were obtained from the International Inflammatory Bowel Disease Genetics Consortium with 20,883 and 27,432 individuals involved. The primary inverse variance weighted (IVW) method as well as other supplementary analysis ones were adopted to evaluate the causal relationship between diverse FAs and IBD. The tests for heterogeneity and pleiotropy, and Leave-one-out analysis were adopted to verify the stability of the results. Omega-3 FA was found to have a causal effect on UC instead of CD. For each Standard Deviation increase in Omega-3 FA genetic levels, the risk of ulcerative colitis was found to be reduced by 39.9% by the IVW method (p = 1.766 × 10−4), by 57.8% by the MR Egger (p = 1.11 × 10−2), by 51.5% by the Weighted median estimator (p = 7.706 × 10−4), by 39% by the Maximum likelihood estimation (p = 3.262 × 10−4), and by 54.5% by the penalized weighted median estimator (p = 1.628 × 10−4). No causal relationship was found between other FAs (including total FA, saturated FA, polyunsaturated FA, monounsaturated FA and omega-6 FA) and IBD. The pleiotropic test and Leave-one-out analysis both proved the validity and reliability of these MR analyses. Omega-3 FA was observed to have a protective effect against UC, providing a new perspective on the investigation of the associations between FAs and IBD.

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ObjectivesThe disposable esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) system is a novel endoscopic device which is highly portable and is designed to eliminate the risk of cross‐infection caused by reusable EGD. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and safety of disposable EGD in emergency, bedside, and intraoperative settings.MethodsThis was a prospective, single‐center, noncomparative study. Disposable EGD was used for emergency, bedside, and intraoperative endoscopies in 30 patients. The primary end‐point was the technical success rate of the disposable EGD. Secondary end‐points included technical performance indicators including clinical operability, image quality score, procedure time, the incidence of device malfunction and/or failure, and the incidence of adverse events.ResultsA total of 30 patients underwent diagnosis and/or treatment with disposable EGD. Therapeutic EGD was performed on 13/30 patients, including hemostasis (n = 3), foreign body retrieval (n = 6), nasoenteric tube placement (n = 3), and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (n = 1). The technical success rate was 100%: all procedures and indicated interventions were completed without changing to a conventional upper endoscope. The mean image quality score obtained immediately after procedure completion was 3.72 ± 0.56. The mean (± SD) procedure time was 7.4 (± 7.6) min. There were no device malfunctions or failures, device‐related adverse events, or overall adverse events.ConclusionThe disposable EGD may be a feasible alternative to the traditional EGD in emergency, bedside, and intraoperative settings. Preliminary data show that it is a safe and effective tool for diagnosis and treatment in emergency and bedside upper gastrointestinal cases.Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry (Trial ID: ChiCTR2100051452, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=134284).