Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) initiatives spread all over the world to cope with declining conditions and intensifying user conflicts to achieve sustainable development of coastal resources and environment. A set of indicators with regard to sustainable development and governance aspects were developed in Xiamen to monitor the State of Coasts (SOC) under ICM implementation. In developing the evaluation indicators for Xiamen, a number of lessons were learned related to data compilation, indicator development, public participation and scaling up. The experience of Xiamen was believed to contribute to develop evaluation indicators for ICM in China.
Having understood the disadvantages of traditional marine development mode, the sustainable development mode, which makes overall planning of land and sea and endorses equal importance to both development and protection, is attracting more and more attentions from coastal regions. To formulate the right orientation of marine development, this thesis attempts to apply SWOT-AHP method, a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis, into strategy formulation. And, by introducing revision coefficient, this thesis modifies the current quantitative calculation methods. Finally, a SWOT-AHP analysis system of sustainable marine development plan has been constructed. In the study of Shantou marine development, strength, weakness, opportunity and threat factors have been listed through symposium and data analysis; attribution and impacts of these factors are calculated from experts’ evaluation. Based on these scores, a strategic quadrilateral is built, which could directly reflect the orientation of Shantou marine development. According to the analysis results, we can see that the advantage of Shantou marine development is obvious. Shantou should take growth strategy to make better use of its strength and opportunity factors; and transform its development mode from the traditional overexploitation to a sustainable one, which highly emphasizes on protecting marine ecological services and achieving the equilibrium of both ecological civilization and economic growth.
Coastal management practices, regulatory decision-making, and land use planning activities along coastal areas have historically been made with insufficient scientific information concerning the dynamic environment. The idea of integration of science and coastal management has risen rapidly in both environmental science and public environmental policy since the mid-1990s, and encouraged innovative relationships between scientists and practitioners in a range of contexts. In this paper, based on materials analysis, we explore the existing practices, evaluating past successes and failures in the management mode of coastal areas in Hong Kong. Though this case study we examine the challenges Hong Kong faces presently, illustrate the strong need for integrating science and coastal management.
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