Under the green goals of the carbon peak and carbon neutrality, understanding how to develop the economy with high quality is an important issue facing regional development. Based on the years 2000, 2010, and 2020, this paper studies the industrial function connection path and economic network characteristics of the Hexi Corridor through an urban flow model, dominant flow analysis, modified gravity model, and social network analysis method, and puts forward an economic synergistic development model. It is of great significance to strengthen the urban connection in the Hexi Corridor and give full play to the overall competitive advantage. The results are as follows. (1) The overall function of the urban agglomeration is weak, the outward function of manufacturing is outstanding, the complementary network is highly complicated and evolving, and the environment and public service and tourism industry have apparent advantages. (2) The backbone correlation axes of the “three industries” show the characteristics of a closed triangular connection, dual-core linkage development, and multi-center multi-axis interaction. (3) The economic network has a greater agglomeration effect than diffusion effect, with prominent grouping characteristics, forming a network structure of “one man, three vices, and many nodes” and a significant spatial proximity effect. (4) Based on geographical proximity, the “one axis, four circles, multiple points, and multiple channels” synergistic development model, which breaks administrative barriers, becomes the endogenous driving force for the evolution of the economic network.
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