Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is one of the most promising additive manufacturing technologies for fabricating various biomimetic architectures of tissues and organs. In this context, the bioink, a critical element for biofabrication, is a mixture of biomaterials and living cells used in 3D printing to create cell-laden structures. Recently, decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM)-based bioinks derived from natural tissues have garnered enormous attention from researchers due to their unique and complex biochemical properties. This review initially presents the details of the natural ECM and its role in cell growth and metabolism. Further, we briefly emphasize the commonly used decellularization treatment procedures and subsequent evaluations for the quality control of the dECM. In addition, we summarize some of the common bioink preparation strategies, the 3D bioprinting approaches, and the applicability of 3D-printed dECM bioinks to tissue engineering. Finally, we present some of the challenges in this field and the prospects for future development.
The coordinated development of resource–environment–economy is the strategic choice to realize sustainable development. To explore the historical pattern of the coordinated development of resource–environment–economy, showing the logic of the spatiotemporal evolution of the system in China, this paper conducts a measurement study. Based on the actual data of 30 provinces in China from 2005 to 2019, the paper constructs an evaluation index system for the coordinated development of resource–environment–economy and establishes a coupling coordination degree (CCD) model and a spatial autocorrelation analysis model. The results show that the mean value of the coupled coordination of the three systems (resource–environment–economy) gradually increased from the stage of near dissonance (0.479) in 2005 to the stage of good coordination (0.853) in 2019. The global Moran’s I was 0.349, indicating that there is a certain spatial aggregation of resource–environment–economy at the province level. Coastal areas have a higher degree, while inland areas have a lower degree. In the spatial correlation analysis, the resource–environment–economy coupling coordination degree of 30 provinces in China is significantly positively correlated. Low–low clusters are found mainly in the Northwest (e.g., Xinjiang, Qinghai). Furthermore, the findings provide some targeted international recommendations. Relevant policies should encourage sustainable development and promote green transformation of industrial structure.
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