Sorghum is a food and feed cereal crop adapted to heat and drought and a staple for 500 million of the world’s poorest people. Its small diploid genome and phenotypic diversity make it an ideal C4 grass model as a complement to C3 rice. Here we present high coverage (16–45 × ) resequenced genomes of 44 sorghum lines representing the primary gene pool and spanning dimensions of geographic origin, end-use and taxonomic group. We also report the first resequenced genome of S. propinquum, identifying 8 M high-quality SNPs, 1.9 M indels and specific gene loss and gain events in S. bicolor. We observe strong racial structure and a complex domestication history involving at least two distinct domestication events. These assembled genomes enable the leveraging of existing cereal functional genomics data against the novel diversity available in sorghum, providing an unmatched resource for the genetic improvement of sorghum and other grass species.
BackgroundPatients with strabismus experience visual dysfunction, self-image disorders, low self-esteem, and social and emotional barriers, which adversely influence their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Currently no strabismus-specific questionnaire is available in China to identify patients’ quality of life and to evaluate the effectiveness of strabismus treatment. The aims of the present study were to validate the Chinese-language version of the Adult Strabismus Quality of Life Questionnaire (AS-20) and to evaluate the impacts of strabismus on the quality of life among Chinese strabismus patients.MethodsTwo hundred and fifty-five Chinese adults with strabismus, one hundred visually normal adults and one hundred patients with other eye diseases completed the Chinese version of AS-20. Psychometric properties of the Chinese AS-20 were examined by Cronbach’s α coefficient, test-retest and split-half reliability, and construct and criterion-related validity. Independent-samples t test and one-way ANOVA analyses were conducted to explore the impact of demographic factors and clinical characteristics on HRQoL in Chinese strabismic adults.ResultsThe final AS-20 in Chinese (AS-C) included 18 items and two subscales: psychosocial (12 items) and function (6 items). The Cronbach’s α was 0.908 for overall scale, with 0.913 and 0.808 for 'psychosocial’ and 'function’ subscales respectively, indicating high internal consistency reliability. The mean of the overall AS-C score among strabismus patients was 62.80 ± 18.94, significantly lower than that in visually normal adults (t = -18.693, P < 0.001), and in patients with other eye diseases (t = -5.512, P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe AS-C is a culturally appropriate tool to evaluate the HRQoL in Chinese strabismus adults. The psychosocial health well-being and overall quality of life in strabismic patients should receive greater emphasis.
Action recognition has already been a heated research topic recently, which attempts to classify different human actions in videos. The current main-stream methods generally utilize ImageNet-pretrained model as features extractor, however it’s not the optimal choice to pretrain a model for classifying videos on a huge still image dataset. What’s more, very few works notice that 3D convolution neural network(3D CNN) is better for low-level spatial-temporal features extraction while recurrent neural network(RNN) is better for modelling high-level temporal feature sequences. Consequently, a novel model is proposed in our work to address the two problems mentioned above. First, we pretrain 3D CNN model on huge video action recognition dataset Kinetics to improve generality of the model. And then long short term memory(LSTM) is introduced to model the high-level temporal features produced by the Kinetics-pretrained 3D CNN model. Our experiments results show that the Kinetics-pretrained model can generally outperform ImageNet-pretrained model. And our proposed network finally achieve leading performance on UCF-101 dataset.
ArfGAP with SH3 domain, ankyrin repeat and PH domain 3 (ASAP3), previously known as ACAP4, DDEFL1 and UPLC1, is considered to be an important regulator in cancer cell migration/invasion and actin-based cytoskeletal remodeling. However, the underlying mechanisms through which ASAP3 mediates these processes are not well-elucidated. This study reported that in certain types of cancer cells, loss of ASAP3 suppressed cell migration/invasion, in part by destabilizing γ-actin-1 (ACTG1), a cytoskeletal protein considered to be an integral component of the cell migratory machinery, essential for the rearrangement of the dynamic cytoskeletal networks and important in diseases, such as brain malformation, hearing loss and cancer development. The data, for the first time, link ASAP3 with ACTG1 in the regulation of cytoskeletal maintenance and cell motility.
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