The rapid socio-economic development of the metropolitan area has led to the continuous deterioration of the ecological environment. This leads to intense competition and conflict between different spatial use types. Spatial conflict research is essential to achieve ecological-economic coordination and high-quality development. However, existing studies lack comprehensive and direct ecological-economic spatial conflicts, especially those on the spatial-temporal evolution and potential drivers of spatial conflict. In this study, we identified the ecological-economic spatial conflicts in the Nanjing metropolitan area in 2010, 2015, and 2020. This study used the random forest to analyze the factors that influenced the change of spatial conflict. Results show that: (1) From 2010 to 2020, the ecological-economic spatial conflict in the Nanjing metropolitan area changed significantly. (2) Land use change has an important effect on spatial conflicts, which are easily triggered by uncontrolled urban expansion, but ecological land can mitigate spatial conflicts. (3) Relevant driving factors of spatial conflicts show multi-level features, so the development of conflict reconciliation countermeasures needs to be tailored to local conditions. This study provides a significant foundation for the high-quality development of the Nanjing metropolitan area and provides a reference for the planning and management of the territorial space.
In this paper, the evolution characteristics of overburden caving and void during multi-horizontal sectional mining in steeply inclined coal seams are studied. Based on the typical engineering background of steeply inclined coal seams mining in Wudong Coal Mine, the physical simulation model is build. The evolution characteristics of overburden caving and void during multi-horizontal sectional mining is systematically studied, combined with the monitoring data of overburden infrared thermal image, void ratio, void network fractal dimension, and peak mine pressure. It is showed that, during multi-horizontal sectional mining in steeply inclined coal seams, the movement rule of overburden is extremely complicated, and the temperature changes in infrared thermal image were significant.
It is very important to elucidate the mechanical mechanism of the effect of water injection and large-diameter borehole pressure relief on coal rock deformation and failure for improving the pertinence and effectiveness of coal mine dynamic disaster prevention measures. In order to obtain the mechanical response mechanism and energy evolution characteristics of saturated coal with a single pre-existing hole, uniaxial compression test was carried out, and the failure process and acoustic emission characteristics of coal were monitored by using high-speed camera and acoustic emission monitoring system. The results show that the strength of coal samples deteriorated by 23.49%, 9.47% and 47.95% respectively by water saturation, single pre-existing holemeasures and the coupling effect of the two measures. The final failure mode of coal samples with different measures is shear failure mode. The law of fracture development and expansion and energy accumulation and release in different coal samples is roughly the same, but the speed of energy accumulation and release in different stages is different. Water saturation and single pre-existing hole measures can affect the impact risk of coal samples, and water saturation can significantly reduce the impact tendency of coal samples, and reduce the impact energy index of complete coal samples by 56.59%. The impact tendency index of natural coal sample is slightly increased by single pre-existing hole measures, and the impact energy index of intact coal sample is reduced by 46.78% by the coupling of saturated water and cavity measures. It can provide technical support for coal mine power disaster prevention and control.
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