The elastic and thermodynamic properties of tetragonal Be 12 Ti under high temperature and pressure are investigated by first-principles calculations based on pseudopotential plane-wave density functional theory (DFT) within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and quasi-harmonic approximation (QHA). The calculated lattice parameters and bulk modulus are in good agreement with the available experimental data. The calculated elastic constants of Be 12 Ti increase monotonously with increasing pressure, and the elastic stability criterion and the phonon dispersion calculation show that the Be 12 Ti crystal satisfies the mechanical and dynamic stability under applied pressure (0-100 GPa). The related mechanical properties such as bulk modulus (B), shear modulus (G), Young's modulus (E), and Poisson's ratio (n) are also studied for polycrystalline of Be 12 Ti; the calculated B/G value shows that Be 12 Ti behaves in a brittle manner, and higher pressure can significantly improve the brittleness of Be 12 Ti. The elastic anisotropy is demonstrated by the elastic anisotropy factors. The direction-dependent Young's modulus and bulk modulus of Be 12 Ti are dealt with in detail under pressure from 0 GPa to 100 GPa. The pressure and temperature dependencies of the relative volume, the bulk modulus, the elastic constants, the heat capacity and the thermal expansion coefficient, as well as the entropy are obtained and discussed using the quasi-harmonic approximation in the ranges of temperature 0-1600 K and pressure 0-100 GPa.

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In this study, FeCl 3 was added to improve methane production from aluminum waste-activated sludge (Al-WAS) during anaerobic digestion. The results showed that the addition of 160 mg/L FeCl 3 resulted in the maximum methane yield of 169 mL/g volatile solids (VS), exceeding the methane yield of the control group by 31.33%. The fractal dimension (D f ) decreased after adding FeCl 3 , suggesting an alteration of the sludge's physical structure. The Lewis acid−base interaction free energy (ΔG SL AB ) was significantly affected by the FeCl 3 addition, and the maximum absolute value was obtained at the dosage of 160 mg/L (10.7 mJ/m 2 ). ΔG SL AB contributed the most to the interfacial free energy, suggesting the dominant force between the digested sludge and water was an AB interaction. Further, the value of ΔG SL AB changed from positive to negative after the FeCl 3 addition, suggesting the interfacial interaction of the digested sludge changed from hydrophilic to hydrophobic. The hydrophobic surface of the digested sludge improved the contact with enzymes via hydrophobic attraction, thus improving sludge biodegradability. The sludge hydrophobicity enhanced floc aggregation through hydrophobic interactions, improving the dewatering ability. This work provides a new method for the large-scale utilization of Al-WAS via anaerobic digestion.

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